Essay on Conflict and Communication - 1267 Words

Conflict and Communication Conflict can happen anytime of your life, it will happen matter you want it or not. In addition, it can have both negative and positive impacts for our relationship (Gudykunst, 2004). According to Yi-Feng 2007, she mentions that conflict is â€Å"incompatible activities, where one person’s actions are interfering, obstructing, or in other ways making the behavior of another less effective†. In term of nature of conflict, conflict is a cause which happens by threatened human needs problem (Kelman, 2002). The sources of conflict can divide into three things, there are misinterpret, disagree and perceptions of incompatibilities (Roloff, 1987). In addition, in term of nature of nature of conflict, conflict can develop in†¦show more content†¦In addition the way of people approach to managing conflict is depend on culture and ethnic (Ting-Toomey, 1985). For example, Asian use avoiding, integrating and obliging to approach but European and American use dominating. In term of face and conflict, we can divide in two parts. Firstly, cultural differences in face-concerns, Moriska and Gudykunst 1994 mention that â€Å"face in collectivistic cultures is based on the interdependent self construal†. In this case, Members of individualistic cultures attention to self-face maintenance more than members of collectivistic cultures, however, Members of collectivistic cultures attention to other-face more than members of individualistic culture (Ting-Toomey Kurogi, 1998). In term of face management, face work tactics are the strategies used to solve problem between others face and self-face when conflicts are managed (Oetzel et al, 1999). In addition, the politeness is need when we do something attract to the other face (Brown Levinson, 1987). Secondly, in term of ethnic difference in face-concerns, when people have different ethnic it can be concerns with face because people have different identity and it easy to threaten the other face (Kwan Sod owsky, 1997). However, in each culture and ethnic have both different and similar in itself. Lastly, in term of Managing Conflict, according to Ting-Toomey 2004 mentions that â€Å"WithoutShow MoreRelatedCommunication, Conflict, And Conflict1453 Words   |  6 Pages Communication and Conflict Margarita Vela COM325: Communication Conflict Instructor: Kenneth Newton March 10, 2015 Communication and Conflict Conflict is a contest or struggle between individuals with opposing values, beliefs, needs, goals, and ideas. On teams, conflict is inevitable; on the other hand, the conflict’s outcomes are not predetermined. Conflict may escalate and result in nonproductive outcomes, or it may be beneficially resolved and lead to quality outcomes (Cahn AbigailRead MoreCommunication and Conflict1400 Words   |  6 PagesIn today s workforce communication and conflict resolution are paramount to a successful organization. As with any leadership trait, these skills must be developed and regularly practiced by leaders. There are many skills involved in both the communication process as well as with conflict resolution. According to Schermerhorn, the communication process is a simple process of sending and receiving messages with attached meaning (2005). The process is further defined by having three elements, thoseRead MoreCommunication Conflict Essay1577 Words   |  7 PagesCM310:Communica tion Conflict Final Project Communication Conflict Final Project The Nature of Power in Conflict: Power can be defined in many ways. Most simply, it is the ability to get what you want. Power is a fundamental concept in any conflict. The nature of that power can depend upon how the power is distributed, how it is viewed, and how it is used. There can be power struggles between those that feel very powerful and those that feel thatRead MoreConflict As A Communication Problem952 Words   |  4 PagesConflict is a disagreement between two or more parties who perceive that they have incompatible concerns. An action by one party is perceived as preventing or interfering with the goals, needs, or actions of another party leads to conflict. Conflicts can arise due to a variety of organisational experiences, such as differences in the interpretation of facts, negative feelings, differences of values and philosophies, or disputes over shared resources (Hunsaker and Alessandra, 2008). From a personalRead MoreTypes of Conflict in Communication601 Words   |  2 Pages1. There are five types of conflict. These are misunderstanding-miscommunication; disregard or disrespect for other people; conflicting egos; impatience; and fear and insecurity over loss of control. In the health care setting, conflicting egos and impatience are probably the tw o most likely in that order. In particular, conflicts can occur among physicians and administrative staff or between physicians or involving nurses as well. Many people in the health care setting are experts in their fieldsRead MoreCommunication And Conflict Resolution Within Communications1751 Words   |  8 PagesSanders Lavell Capstone Research paper 8/8/2016 Communication Conflict Resolution While introducing the study of conflict resolution within communications it is extremely vital for us as human beings to be able to seek out the defiance and or uncivil disobedience so that then he or she may begin to eliminate the arising communicative conflict. The way conflict resolution works is by identifying the problem then next is to evaluate why such circumstances are so, and finally he or she should seekRead MoreFamily Conflict Communication : Food And Foster Families : Care, Communication, And Conflict1563 Words   |  7 PagesResearch Paper 2 – Family Conflict Communication Food in Foster Families: Care, Communication, and Conflict Rees’s article in Children Society from 2012 contrasts the differences foster children experience between the food they are provided by their families and the relationship they have with their birth family and foster family because of it. It discusses the way children are provided with food can lessen the amount of conflict they feel is centered on them within their family. The study wasRead MoreCommunication Networks, Conflict Management, And Crisis Communication1261 Words   |  6 Pages to narrow the list, I decided to address the three ideas that will have the most immediate impact in my life: communication networks, conflict management, and crisis communication. Communication Networks Our discussion of communication networks brought clarity to the communication paths in my business environment. With church leadership or basketball team leadership, the communication paths from leaders to participants are clear because the organizations have flat structures with few managementRead MoreConflict Management : Effective Communication1276 Words   |  6 PagesConflict Management: Effective Communication In Critical Areas Everyday nurses are confronted with responsibilities; tasks and providing care for their patients in environments that require cooperation, and most importantly communication. In the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and Emergency Room (ER) where I work, tensions, acuity and a plethora of other stressors tend to run high. In these critical areas conflicts between co-workers, patients and families can occur rapidly and frequently. In reading DialogueRead More Poor Communications and Conflict Essay1586 Words   |  7 Pages Is most conflict in an organisation is caused by poor communication? If we had perfect communication would conflict cease? Consider for example, an e-mail asking for some information â€Å"yesterday† to stress how important this request is. The sender thinks e-mails are great as they travel at the speed of light and spell things out in black amp; white. The recipient may consider that if its in a e-mail then it can’t be that urgent because servers can loose, misdirect or delay an e-mails transmission

The Zombie Apocalypse Revealing the Monster Essay

Death is the scariest part of living. Humanity has always been acutely aware of this horrible inevitability, and as a result of this almost near obsession with mortality certain practices, precautions, and even religions have been developed to ease the weary minds on death. Self- preservation, preparedness and survival motivate almost faction of human interest and behavior but becoming prepared for the conceivable anything and asking all the â€Å"what if† questions in the world still might not save humanity when analyzing how many devastating catastrophes can essentially wipe out life on this planet with ease. Not hard to imagine, mass extinction in history has happened at least five times estimated as far back as 440 million years ago at the†¦show more content†¦Haitian clergy believe that creating zombies or zombification is sorcery, while doctors believe it is a result of poisoning. Vodoo sorcerers use a powdery substance called â€Å"Coupe Poudre†, discove red by anthropologist Wade Davis when he traveled to Haiti. This substance Davis discovered, contained a mixture of toxins from a various cane toad, an irritant collected from a Hyla tree frog species and some contained small amounts of the deadly neurotoxin tetrodoxin produced by many organisms but most commonly found in the puffer fish. Tetrodoxin if ingested causes death by paralysis but if given in a smaller less lethal dose, the victims mimic a â€Å"dead like† state, reduce heart rate and metabolic activity put the subject in a completely paralyzed state, yet fully conscious. Davis concluded that the irritant first causes small wounds on the skins surface allowing the tetrodoxin to become released into the bloodstream. Once the victim presents with these symptoms they are usually pronounced dead and buried alive. A few days later the sorcerer would return to the grave and exhume the body. The sorcerer then administers another cocktail of Atrophine and Scopolamine, a tox ic hallucinogenic that causes delirium and disorientation. Vudon sorcerers would then enslave the victims and it is said that the zombification process was punishment for those who violated laws in a place during that time (Thomas). These may not be the zombies we all know andShow MoreRelatedZombie Movies And The Film Night Of The Living Dead 1970 Words   |  8 Pages Ever since the first zombie movie was created in 1932, there has been a constant rise of zombie appearances in popular media. Like with all monsters, the majority of zombie media aimed to represent a certain aspect throughout the society in question. Whereas vampires represented romanticism and Dracula represented how a certain social group was viewed during a certain time period, zombies in Romero’s â€Å"Night of the Living Dead† aimed to create a situation whereby a group of people had to survive

Conflict Mediation and Peacemaking Free Essays

Conflict Resolution and Peacemaking Social Psychology-PSY/400 August 16, 2010 Matt Diggs Conflict Resolution and Peacemaking Conflict resolution is used in a variety of ways and includes many elements. The goal in this paper is analyze the chosen article for the elements of conflict resolution and peacemaking discussed by David G. Myers in his Social Psychology textbook and to draw parallels. We will write a custom essay sample on Conflict Mediation and Peacemaking or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Article: The Critical Role of Conflict Resolution in Teams: A Close Look at the Links Between Conflict Type, Conflict Management Strategies, and Team Outcomes, by Kristin J. Behfar, Randall S. Peterson, Elizabeth A. Mannix and William M. K. Trochim The idea was to find which conflict resolution strategies helped teams be the most successful in his or her current team and what each team experience brings to the next team experience. The study focuses on group satisfaction and performance based on how the team members handle conflict that arises throughout the experience and which conflict resolution strategies provided the team with the most success in both the project given and the social aspect. The groups were newly formed with no assigned leader to ensure the group developed the conflict resolution strategies.Elements of Conflict Resolution Cause of Conflict The examples of what causes conflict given in the article are similar to that of the textbook. Though the textbook outlines the causes for simpler reading the article makes it clear what elements may cause conflict. The textbook outlines social dilemmas, competition, perceived injustice, and misinterpretations as causes of conflicts, the examples in the article talk about how the conflicts can manifest into the form of passive aggressive behaviors such as power plays, blaming one another, attendance issues as well as withholding vital information from the group.According to Myers (2008) when two or more people interact their perceived needs and goals may conflict, indeed the goal in a team is to achieve the best outcome, though some people may have a different perception of that outcome or how to achieve it. Conflict Resolution Strategies (Article) The article outlines the conflict resolution process with a wide variety of behaviors including problem solving skills, communication, understanding the positions of others, as well as dealing with emotions (Behfar, Peterson, Mannix, and Trochim, 2008).The actual strategies include open communication, discuss or debate, and compromise and consensus w here each party says what is on their mind and work out the issue from there, the team goes through each solution and determined which was the easiest to defend with the information given or instead of debating the team focuses on compromise; rotating responsibilities, when the team changes or rotates responsibilities to foresee member conflicts, for example, â€Å"we tried a new way of working together that better considered our busy schedules† or â€Å"we plotted out our busy times before the deadline and avoided meeting during those times† (Behfar, Peterson, Mannix, and Trochim, 2008); Avoiding the conflict, the teams divided the work so the people that had a conflict never had to work directly together which is not the ideal usage of conflict resolution based on the fact that the conflict is only being ignored rather than solved. Conflict Resolution Strategies (Textbook)The text has similar ideas such as contact with one another, putting the group together can caus e a more tolerant attitude; cooperation, people having a common goal and working together to achieve it; communication, people can bargain (seek an agreement to a conflict through direct negotiation between the people) seek mediation (an attempt by a neutral person to resolve a conflict by facilitating communication and offering suggestions) or they can arbitrate (resolution of a conflict by a third and neutral person who studies both sides of the conflict and imposes a settlement); lastly is conciliation, this means that each party is not willing to just turn and walk away so one party slows steps back and in return as does the other party, it can be described as not turning their backs to each other but cautiously walking away. Article Conclusion Results of the study showed that majority rule voting was associated with high and increased task performance but had a low and decreasing member satisfaction.These results show that it is beneficial to all members and performance to reso lve conflict rather than ignoring or avoiding it, if two members of the team believe that he or she is not being heard (perceived injustice) then he or she will be unhappy in the group and in turn can cause further conflict within the group as previous examples show; passive aggressive behaviors such as power plays, blaming one another, attendance issues as well as withholding vital information from the group. The teams that were high and increasing in performance and member satisfaction developed equity, not necessarily equal, but a suitable way for all members of the team to contribute given any restrictions.The idea is for the performance and member satisfaction to be at its highest, to do so members of the team must keep this in mind when discussing contributions and ideas. The conclusion of the study is parallel to what would make sense as read in Myers textbook. If the proper steps are taken, most conflicts can be resolved through the conflict resolution and peacemaking elements. Conclusion The chosen article and the textbook discussed the same elements of conflict resolution and peacemaking, though described in alternative terms, the concepts were the same. There are several ways conflict can occur and with that there are several ways conflicts can be managed or solved. The conflict resolution strategy used would depend on the type of conflict as well as the type of people or behav iors involved. The main elements of conflict resolution are contact, cooperation, communication which includes bargaining, mediation, and arbitration, and finally conciliation. Within these elements several approaches can be used to resolve conflict. The ideal situation would be all members involved in the conflict walk away feeling that he or she has been satisfied but not necessarily that he or she has won.References Behfar, K. J. , Peterson, R. S. , Mannix, E. A. , Trochim, W. M. (2008). The Critical Role of Conflict Resolution in Team: A Close Look at the Links Between Conflict Tyoe, Conflict Management Strategies, and Team Outlooks. Journal of Applied Psychology , 170-188. Meyers, D. G. (2008). Social Psychology. New York City : McGraw-Hill. How to cite Conflict Mediation and Peacemaking, Papers

Philosophy Of The Human Mind Truth Essay Example For Students

Philosophy Of The Human Mind: Truth Essay TABLE OF CONTENTS1. THE PHILOSOPHICAL CONCEPT OF TRUTH2. THE ACHIEVEMENT OF TRUTH1. THE PHILOSOPHICAL CONCEPT OF TRUTHEpistemology is the study of what we know, how we know, and what we can or cannot know. In Epistemology, students are asked many questions about Truth and Knowledge. Here are two basic questions that students may be asked, What is Truth? and Can we really have Truth? The simple answer to this question is yes. Truth, in a philosophical term is defined as What the universe actually is not what one thinks it is or is not. An opinion in philosophy does not count. Good philosophers must be able to reason to others what they claiming are true. Everyone has his/her own opinions. If we allowed opinions in philosophy, then there can be no such thing as truth. If everyone has his/her own opinions, what can be true for you may not be true for me and vice versa. Being skeptical and saying that we can never know the truth does not change the way the universe actually is to somethi ng that it isnt. For instance, if I never went outside of my house or look outside my window, I will never know that the sky is blue. Even though, I do not know that the sky is blue, it doesnt change the fact that the sky is actually blue. Now, I would like to discuss with you two types of Truth. The first type of Truth is called Normative Truth, and second type of Truth is called Descriptive Truth. Normative Truth is Permanent Truth; Descriptive Truth is Temporary Truth. Here is an example of Descriptive Truth I am in Toronto This is currently true, but what if I move to New York? Here is another example of Descriptive Truth The CN Tower is located in Toronto This is currently true, but what if The CN Tower was moved to Montreal or destroyed? Than the statement, The CN Tower is located in Toronto is false. The other type of Truth is Normative Truth. Normative Truth is what the universe actually is, or what it actually holds. For example, The Sky is blue, 2 * 3, 1 + 1 = 2, Elephants are bigger than rabbits These are all normative Truths. We know that Rabbits can never be bigger than Elephants, or that 2 can never be greater than 3. These statements will always remain true unlike statements like The CN Tower is located in Toronto (Note: Descriptive Truth is not someones opinion. The CN Tower is located in Toronto is known as Descriptive Truth, but is this someones pinion? of course not!)Now that you know about Normative and Descriptive Truth, what you should also know are the three rock-bottom rules of Logic. Here are the three rules. Rule # 1: The law of Non-Contradiction(Nothing can both be and not be at the same time and in the same sense) Rule # 2: The Law of Excluded Middle(Something either is, or it is not) Rule # 3: The Law of Identity(Something is what it is). Notice: These are the three basic rules that every philosopher must know about. In rule # 2, it states that Something either is or it not You have to understand that Rule # 2 only applies to general concepts not specific concepts. For instance, the colour gray is not really black or white. Gray is a colour in between of black and white. If rule # 2 applies, than the colour gray would violate rule # 2, right? No, of course not! Fundamental rules apply only to general concepts. The colour gray does not violate rule # 2 because gray is a specific thing. If gray violates rule # 2, then I guess colours in between of red and blue would also violate rule # 2. I also guess that 1.5 would violate rule # 2, because it isnt 1 nor is it 2. (No! It does not viol ate rule #2. None of them do violate Rule # 2) Here are examples of the fundamental rules. I am either male or I am female. (I cannot be both male and female at the same time) This is Rule # 1I am either alive or I am dead. (I cannot be in between of being alive and being dead) This is Rule # 2I am a human being. (Thus I cannot be a rabbit) This is Rule # 3Many philosophers use logic to reason with other philosophers about what they are trying to claim. For instance, you may have already known this well famous logic statement:If P then QP, therefore Q. (TRUE)If P then Q. NOT Q, therefore NOT P (TRUE)Here is one example: Let P = I started the fire, Let Q = The fire has been started. For the first example, if P then Q, P, therefore Q. If I started the fire, then the fire has been started For the second example, if NOT Q, therefore NOT P. If the fire hasnt been started, then I havent started the fireIn both of these examples, the statements are true. Here is another example. Let P = It is cloudyLet Q = It is rainingif P then Q, if It is cloudy then It is rainingP, therefore Q It is cloudy, therefore it is raining For this statement, the logic is true. Expressive Arts Activity EssayIf NOT Q, then NOT P. if it is not raining, then it is not cloudyNOT Q, therefore NOT P. Not raining, therefore not cloudy (FALSE*)* Even though, the logic is CORRECT, Not Q, therefore Not P the statement made here is incorrect. As we know, there can be days where it is cloudy but there arent any rains. Also, there can be days where it is snowing and cloudy. Therefore, you must be able to distinguish between what is right and what is not. Logic does not play a role in everything. You cannot use logic for everything. if you do, then you arent really learning anything in life but just memorizing things. Try to understand concepts not memorize them. The real world and its problems are not as easy as those in the textbooks. Next, I would like to discuss about Appearance and Reality. As you know, being human has it disadvantaged. The disadvantage is that we may not be able to hear nor see what other animals can. Hence, when we talk about truth, it is only within the contents of our ability to perceive what is out there. An analogy is: A fish in a pond can never know about the world above the pond Non-philosophers are like people who live in caves all their lives; they think what they say is correct, they believe what they think is correct, etc but is it? (thats a question I will leave for you to decide upon). What I am trying to do is, move you outside of this cave. Sure, we may have disadvantage of not being able to hear or see what other animals can. However, the fact that we know this is a good thing. With technology and science, we can build devices that will allow us to hear and see things in which we normally would not be able to doWhy is Appearance and Reality so important related to truth? Becau se if we are restricted to what we can and cannot see, then what we saying is limited to our ability to perceive this world and this universe as a whole. Thus, Appearance and Reality teaches us that what we see or know may not be the whole truth, but just half of the truth. However, you must not say that If we are limited to what we can perceive, then why go so in-depth in trying to find the truth? Even, though we are limited to what we can and cannot see, the fact that we know this gives us an advantage. The fact that we know that we cannot see or hear things that other animals can, is something very useful to us. With technology and science, we can build devices that will let us see and hear things that we may never see or hear. Furthermore, You must know that there are certain things that we may never know about the universe. What we have to do is reason with others what we are claiming is true. Metaphysics is one branch of philosophy that deals with restrictions. If you are majoring in philosophy, this is one of the branches of philosophy in which you must learn. Metaphysics, to put it, is the basic of Philosophy. Understanding where to draw the line is one of the keys in doing philosophy. There are a right ways of doing philosophy and a wrong ways of doing philosophy. Philosophy is something that everyone does; whether or not people do it correctly is another topic. For instance, it is redundant to ask the question Who created God? Because if you asked, Who created God? The other person in his/her rights can ask you Who created the thing/element that created God? So, as you can see, the question can never be answer. Thus, being a philosopher, you must be able to understand that there are certain things th at you cannot ask or know about. (Why? because it is impossible to know about these things)In addition to all of these, Words are also very important in philosophical concept of truth. You must be able to distinguish the meaning of what your speaker is trying to say when he is using a word. For instance, when I say Canadian need changes What do I mean by Changes? These are the things that you must be able to figure out. A good course to study is, Critical Thinking. Before you learn about Epistemology, I would recommend that you study Critical Thinking. I will say this again, Knowledge is Truth. There are no such things as false knowledge. Over 200 years ago, many people believed that the Sun rotated around the Earth; this is not true but only an assumption of what people in those days believed to be true. As we move into deeply thoughts and ask deep questions, we must be aware that we will be ignorant. Being aware of our limitations and restrictions allows us to draw lines between what we can know and what we cannot know. For instance, chemistry students learn that not all elements bond to other elements to produce a compound. However, if a student did not know about this, he could spend thirty years or more trying to force two elements to go together and would never be successful in doing it. Thus, you must know there are certain things that we cannot ask or hope to achieve. How is it possible that we can ask questions in which we never have an answer to? To find the answer to this question, you might want to study Immanuel Kants philosophy. Please note, Immanuel Kants philosophy is very complex to understand fully as a whole. 2. THE ACHIEVEMENT OF TRUTHAccording to psychology, if a child is locked up in a room where he is not taught anything new nor allowed to communicate with anyone else, this child would only know what he knew before he was locked up. If we locked up one hundred children in a dark-room, later set them free when they become adults, these young adults would know less than someone who is in grade two. Therefore, it is very important to notice that environment factors play a role in knowledge as well. The question is now: Do we create truth or search for? To answer this question, I will give you an analogy. Think of the human mind as a large empty-box. If nothing goes inside the box, the box will always remain empty. Thus if we do not want an empty box, we must put something inside the box. To answer the question, Do we create truth or search for it? The answer is both. It just depends on how you look at it. Truth is search for when you have nothing inside the box and suddenly put something inside of it. We create truth when we use the information inside of the box to built something new Let me introduce you to two worlds. Empirical and Theoretical. Think of the world of Empirical knowledge, as something that you can test by using scientific methods to prove what you are saying is true. For instance, if you want to prove that X is larger than Y, what you would do is weight both X and Y. If X is really larger than Y, then the measuring machine display would show this and your claim would be proven. The other world is called the world of Theoretical knowledge. In this world, it is hard to prove that something is true or false. Even though it may be hard to prove, it is not impossible. The reason why it is hard is because we lack the necessary equipments, the necessary knowledge to prove what we are saying is true/false. The world of Theoretical knowledge will come to be t he world of Empirical knowledge if we have the equipment to prove what we are claming is true/false. Do you remember that I told you, Over 200 years ago, people believe that the Sun rotated around the Earth? (Which is of course, FALSE). If you had to classified the minds of the worlds these people were in, you would classified the world of Theoretical Knowledge Why? Because when these people say that the Sun rotated around the Earth, they did not have any scientific proof as to what they are saying. When technologies were available to them, they finally knew what they were saying was false. Please note that something that is in the world of Theoretical knowledge is just as good as that in the world of Empirical knowledge The question is now, how is the world of Theoretical knowledge created? The question is very complex. What I will tell you is that mathematics has something to do with the creation of this world. It is mathematics that help us enter the world of Theoretical knowledg e. When you were taught mathematics for the first time, your math teacher would probably say you that 1 + 1 equals 2. In addition to saying this, she would probably hold up one block and say 1 and then show you another block and say 1 plus 1 is two (holding two blocks up). For the first time, you might relate the concept 1 to the first block that she was holding up, and the concept 2 to the second box. This is incorrect. However, as you grow up and the more you learn, you realizes that the concept one is not linked to the block, but the block is just one (out of many) representation of the number 1 It is at this point, when you realized this, that your mind is in the creation of the World of Theoretical knowledge. To expand the Theoretical world, one must expand his knowledge in mathematics and in science. It is impossible to not teach students mathematics and have them enter the world of Theoretical knowledge. Half of the contents in science is very theoretical. I doubt that a scie nce student does not know any mathematics at all. He must know mathematics (I am not saying that he must know mathematics, like a mathematician). Mathematics is the language of Theoretical knowledge. Numbers are the basic of what every scientists and engineers should at least knowPhilosophy

Time is money free essay sample

Time is money a quote by Benjamin Franklin, US first millionaire, is a proposition that stresses the importance of time and the need to use it wisely. Time is the most valuable thing in the world, that once it has been wasted, it can never be recovered. So, by this idea it implies that time is more valuable than money itself, money can be exchanged back and forth and if you lose It you can gain It back by working hard.Some people view time as minutes, hours, days, but I view time as opportunities waiting to happen. We commonly run Into people who may have wasted their time In pursuits and then realized later In life that they have achieved nothing at all. These people are like the grasshopper In the Ant and the Grasshopper story, If you have not read it story, the moral Is working hard pays, In which the ant prepares for the future, while the grasshopper Just lays around. We will write a custom essay sample on Time is money or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Every second we waste, we are losing our rewards of our own productivity. People who dont understand the value of time will never obtain a good future. For example, If one comes In late to work every day. One will be fired. If one keeps Important clients , It will result In loss of business. So we must acknowledge the value of time not only ours but everyone around us. Procrastinating things for another day are all these are habits that will leave you nothing to show in the future. Some people spend all their free time watching TV, talking on the phone. This does not create opportunities it steals the time we have with nothing to show for it. Success and material prosperity comes only to those who understand the value and importance of time. That is why it is said that time is money so in other words put in the time wisely you will get the success you desire.

Designing Ad Campaign against Child Labour Essay Example

Designing Ad Campaign against Child Labour Essay Example Designing Ad Campaign against Child Labour Essay Designing Ad Campaign against Child Labour Essay Since the clip of Independence our state has been fighting with its huge pool of kid laborers and school dropout kids and to pull off and extenuate the disparity in guaranting the rights of all kids to be protected. This job has made the India s place in the last quartile. India has amended the fundamental law in order to set up free and mandatory instruction cardinal rights for all the kids belonging to 6 to 14 old ages of age group. But the attainment of the right to instruction and the right to be protected from economic development are non realized for a big subdivision of the kids of this state. Though we are now observing our 63rd twelvemonth of independency, child labors can be witnessed in its barbarous signifier in about every sector of our life and the root cause of such detestable development stems from the want of right to instruction, nutrient, occupation and right to equality before the bench. The economic enlargement policies besides led to rampant development of the hapless. As per the latest ILO Report, the figure of economically active kids in the age group 5 to 17 old ages in the universe during 2004 was 317 million, of which 218 million ( 68 % ) are regarded as child laborers , and 126 million ( 58 % of kid laborers ) were working in risky industries. It is a recognized fact that Indian has the largest figure of child labors. But there is important confusion sing the definition of kid labor in Indian statute law. The Govt. of Indian has neer disclosed any official definition of Child Labour . But the fundamental law provides several indirect statute laws and strategies to protect the involvement of kid such as Child Labour Prohibition A ; ordinance Act, 1986 and Juvenile Justice Care A ; protection Act, 2000. This manner the authorities ignores each and every right of the kids those belong to the age group of 14-18 old ages who are laboring in the labour sectors. The authorities besides are non sing the rights of those kids who are working within the household or in informal agreement. The above image shows that Indian belongs to exceed 10 list of child labor and the highest figure of merchandises ( 18 ) is made out of child labor. Some surveies has divulged that on an norm a child laborer toiled for more than 12 hour, less than half of the kids receives nutrient and more that 90 % of the kids has no vacation. It is estimated that mean monthly income of kid laborers is $ 2 in malice of the fact that they contribute to about 20 % of India s GNP. Doctrine and Strategy of the run For Campaign against Child Labour ( CACL ) forum, child labour implies a entire denial of the right to childhood. CACL therefore demands a entire obliteration of kid labour.A The CACL forum opines thatA every kid out of school as a possible kid laborer .A Therefore the forum seeks to implement policy alterations that will take to a complete riddance of the pattern of child labor. This requires enormous attempt to make consciousness in different subdivisions and strata of our society including child workers and their households, policy shapers, media, the bench and citizens in general through assorted programmes and runs. A basic scheme employed for this intent has been a coincident run for free and mandatory quality instruction of all kids in the state, and for statute law to efficaciously eliminate all signifiers of child labor. The web works at the field degree through its assorted member organisations. While the different member organisations are different in footings of focal point, construction and internal organisation and nature of programmes conducted, by and big they all have a common vision of advancing run against Child Labour. At this occasion it is to be noted that CACL is non registered as an independent entity. Over the twelvemonth the forum has evolved its ain direction construction. Present Day Condition Child labor is still common in many parts of theA universe in many signifiers such as agribusiness, mill work, quarrying, excavation, A harlotry, assisting in the parents concern, holding one s ownA little businessA ( for illustration merchandising nutrient ) , or making any kind of uneven occupations. Many kids work as ushers for tourers, sometimes besides responsible for conveying in new concern for stores and eating houses ( where they besides work as servers ) . Some other kids are made to execute boring and insistent undertaking from the really age of 3 such as: shining places, piecing boxes, cleaning or carrying a shop s merchandises. However, instead than in mills andA sweatshops, most child labour occurs in the informal sector, selling many things on the streets, at work in agribusiness or conceal away in houses-far from the range of official labour inspectors and from media examination. And all the work that they did was done in all types of conditions ; and was besides d one for minimum wage. Equally long as there is household poorness there will be child labor. Aim of the proposed ad run To convey about attitudinal alterations in the society on kid labor Create consciousness about the legal deduction of promoting/practicing kid labor Demoting engagement of child labors and distributing it to the universe It has been found that in the current statute law, the definition of child labor is non clearly defined that leaves plentifulness of room for culprits to use kid as workers and they got off scot free. The UN definition of the kid, harmonizing to the UNCRC is A kid means every individuals below the age of 18 old ages and the UNCRC defines child labor as executing any work that is likely to be risky or to interfere with the kid s instruction, or to be harmful to the kid s wellness or physical, mental religious, moral or societal development ( article 32 of UNCRC ) . But India, though it ratified the UNCRC, is yet to recognize those definitions of kid and child labour to the full. So the best we can make to halt practising Child Labour is to advance mass consciousness: Insight into grounds behind kid labors Some common causes of child labour across geographicss are development of inexpensive and unorganised labor poorness, societal apathy, parental illiteracy, ignorance, deficiency of instruction and exposure. In some instances there is household pattern of instilling traditional accomplishments in kids which besides pulls immature members of the household inexorably in the trap of kid labor, because they are neer given the chance to larn anything else. Absence of mandatory instruction at the primary degree, ignorance of parents about the sick effects of plodding from really early age, uneffective and confusing kid labor Torahs, impractical class course of study, inexpensive kid labor are some of the factors that encourages many signifiers of child labor in India. It is besides hard for immature people to calculate out what is good or bad for them without the aid of an grownup counsel. Poverty and over population have been identified as the two chief causes of child labor. Poor parents are left with no pick but to direct their kids to risky occupations for ground of endurance even though they know that is unsafe to their kids. Monetary jobs lead their kids in the unforgiving trap of child labor from where they could non happen a manner to acquire out. Illiterate and nescient parents do non value the demand of proper physical, cognitive and emotional development of their kid. They are themselves uneducated and unexposed, so they barely recognize the importance of instruction in eliminating poorness. Adult unemployment and urbanisation besides causes child labor. More frequently or non grownups are left with no occupation because mill proprietors finds it more profitable to use kid at a cheaper rate than the grownups. These manner grownups relax in the house while kids are laboring difficult to feed many oral cavities. The industrial revolution Fosters some of its negative effects by giving rise to fortunes which encourages child labor. Sometimes multinationals prefer employment of child workers in the many developing states where kid protection Torahs are non decently implemented or purely followed. So they can be recruited for less wage and more work can be extracted from them and there is no brotherhood job with them. This attitude besides makes it hard for grownups to happen occupations in mills, coercing them to drive their small 1s to work to maintain the fire firing their homes.A The incidence of child labors would decrease well even in the face of poorness, if there are no parties willing to work them. Rigorous execution of child labour Torahs and practical and healthy options to replace this immorality can travel a long manner to work out the job of kid labor. Campaign Strategy Depending upon my understanding the mark section is in general everyone in the society because in some signifier or the other we are working an underprivileged kid, be as a house worker or working in a risky industry. The other mark is the hapless parents who are really forced to direct their kids to discontinue instruction and direct them to win staff of life for the household. Now a telecasting advertizement can be designed maintaining in head the lower in-between category to upper category of the stratum. But for the hapless people a telecasting ad run would non be effectual because of small or no exposure to telecasting of that subdivision of the multitudes. For this subdivision run has to be designed in printed format such as postings. Storyboard As told earlier we would aim the well off society and carry them to bump child labors through implanting a sense of moral and/or societal guilt into them and besides in some instances reminding them of legal reverberations of child labor. In instance of the printed format run I am suggesting to advance child instruction instead than child labor. After all an educated kid are more likely to acquire a good occupation and thereby stoping poorness to their household. Television Ad Give back my childhood Scene 1 The ad starts with demoing a male child from an flush household gets up coppices his dentitions and has his breakfast. At the same clip in the same house works a miss from a hapless household who gets up and fix that breakfast for the male child. Scene 2 Then the male child prepares his prep that his instructor given him while the miss is laboring hard with the family works-mopping floors, cleaning utensils etc. Scene 3 The male child returns back from school and gets a cocoa from his female parent while after 12 hours of plodding the miss merely gets Rs. 30. ( Melancholy background music is played all the clip to mean the weakness of the miss. ) Tagline A soft miss s voice stating, Even I am besides a kid. Then why am I persecuted? Give back my childhood. Printed Political campaign As mentioned earlier this type of run is specially meant for the hapless households who force their kid to set about strenuous physical labor for the interest of doing both ends meet. Promoting Education: This is designed to advance instruction among hapless and underprivileged kids. Parents of such hapless household can be convinced that if they study they will acquire occupation in the hereafter and that manner they can hold a better life. Child Labour is a cobweb of killing. This type of imagination will arouse strong emotional reaction to parents of those childs who are used as kid labors.

Farm Credit System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Farm Credit System - Essay Example To present day, this system has continually serve the farmers and also prolonged its dominancy source in terms of long term farm debt. Statistics indicate that this dominant force has grown continually from 20 percent of real estate farm debt to 40 percent from a presided long period of time thus from 1960- 2006 (Bitter and Gordon 45). It is important to have knowledge of its consumer base which includes farmers, various producers of aquatic products, ranchers, select rural communications and energy companies, agricultural cooperatives, rural homeowners including other eligible entities as a whole. History The farm credit system can basically be described as a nationwide network of various cooperative banks including other associations that are capable of providing credit to farmers. They are also capable of attending agricultural concerns including various related business. It was created in 1916 by the United States parliament and the federal government supported it by funding it. This ensured that the American agriculture had at least a dependable source of revenue or credit. At the moment, it is now independent and self funding since it is owned by member borrower. The farm credit system has undergone several rounds changes in its structure that has dated back since its inception in Roosevelt era of administration. Trough creation of federal land banks in an estimated area of about 12 regions in the United States, the federal farm loan act developed a credit delivery system to the large agricultural sector. A kind of a fund chain was developed where the land banks provided funds to the regional banks including associations. The regional banks were then supposed to support farmers by providing them with long term mortgage thus financing them in their various projects. The farm credit act of 1933 born during the great depression period was imposed to booster agricultural production. This was by simply funneling short term credits thus by the 12 production cre dit associations incorporated by 13 bank capable of supporting agricultural cooperatives (Bitter and Gordon 48). The emergency farm mortgage act was mobilized to refund the FLBs to stand as a help package for farmers who were facing foreclosures including debt complications. In 1987, every credit agency existing was transformed to a farm credit administration. Economic Impact The farm credit system provides loans for a variety of purposes. This includes funding agricultural processing including other market activities, farm related businesses, rural housing initiatives, rural utilities including both foreign and domestic companies that are involved in the agricultural trade. It also provides access to various critically required rural areas where national including regional banks control. It has also abandoned it intended mission as it consolidates into one of the largest headquartered scores. This is through distancing itself from farmers including the ranchers they are supposed to primarily serve. In fact, the traditional notion of a cooperative which is member ran for the purpose of benefiting members gives away to one administration. This is through hired managers intends on structuring GSE empires as long as FCS associations continues to grow (Zachman 32). This empire building has led to the abandonment of the intended mission by the farm credit system instead led to a different direction of focusing on large borrowers. This is at the expense of serving YBS farmers thus termed as the little guy of the American culture. The farm system associations now consolidate a huge association which is directly more to their marketing efforts. This is intended towards making bigger and more profitable loans on large scale

Should English become the official language. (Should there be an Essay

Should English become the official language. (Should there be an official world language.) - Essay Example Therefore, I believe to a large extent that English (or any other language) should not be made the official language of the world because there is a lot of scope in the field of multilingualism, multilingualism has a huge positive impact on an individual’s cognitive development, and one’s language is an integral part of one’s culture and ethnicity (Baker and Jones1998). Multilingualism means the use of many languages by an individual. Although many people are learning to speak English, no fact can deny that the field and demand of multilingualism is enormous. Even the United States, the country where English is the most spoken language, has a great need for individuals who can speak multiple languages. The reason why the field of multilingualism is so vast is because multilingualism itself applies to so many different professions. For instance, multilingualism can be used in international trade, international diplomacy and foreign relation. It can also be used in national security and defense, marketing, business, engineering, community development, public relations and media. Medical and health care professionals should know more than one language in case they come across a patient who is unable to speak ‘the official language’. ... Moreover, if English or any other language would be made the official language of the world, it would be extremely time-consuming for non-English speakers to learn a whole new language, not to mention the loss of jobs that interpreters and translators would face. Even the education profession would face loss of jobs; teachers who teach foreign languages like Spanish, Arabic, Mandarin and many others would have nowhere to go. Thus, it would be a very wrong move to make English the official language of the world because there is a lot of scope in studying different languages. Furthermore, there are numerous job opportunities in the field of multilingualism; about three fourth of respondents to a survey on languages in the EU confirmed â€Å"improving job opportunities† as the top most reason why youths should learn many languages (Working Together to Build a Multilingual Society 2003; Orban 2007). Other than the availability of many job opportunities, there is another advantage of knowing many languages rather than only one ‘official’ one; creativity. Recent study has shown that an individual who speaks more than one language enhances one’s normative cognition, which leads to increased creativity. The reason for this is that due to variations in the use of specifiable processes, and the flexibility and richness of stored cognitive structures to which the processes are implemented. Therefore, the impact on an individual’s cognition of speaking more than one language results in intricate cognitive functioning, which may lead to a higher creative performance. One of the popular mechanisms of normative creativity that multilingualism can lead to is divergent thinking. Research shows that a multilingual

Risk management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Risk management - Research Paper Example nstance are events that create potential threats and uncertainty to an organizational priority, while at the same time tainting the overall reputation, image and identity of that organization. Communication crises, on the other hand involve the visual, written, printed or verbal interaction that an organization has with the target audience probable after the occurrence of a crisis. Crisis management, therefore, is a process that involves a company dealing with certain critical events and uncertainties that threaten to harm or disrupt the organizational working course, the public and the company’s stakeholders. Crisis management is a practise that begun in early 1980s after several multinational companies encountered defining moments that led to several business closures worldwide. In public relations, crisis management plays a fundamental role. Nevertheless, it is important to understand the management of crisis by identifying the different types of crises that may befall a company. Crises are disasters that characterize the actual cause of operational difficulty in an organization. A number of types of disasters or crises are possible in several industries (Ushanov, 2010). Natural disasters are caused by exceptional natural conditions like floods, tsunamis, hurricanes, earthquakes, tornadoes, droughts, poverty, and storms. Technological crisis arise from human activities concerning scientific application s that may be faulty. Unlike in the natural disasters, it is possible to hold individuals accountable for technological mishaps. Organizational crisis are those that involve disorganization in the organizational workplace, commonly arising from deception, misconduct and inappropriate managerial skills. Other types of crisis include the rumours, confrontational crisis, terrorist attacks and violence in the workplace. It is extremely hazardous for companies to overlook the possibilities of crisis befalling their organization. The uncertainties and threats that

Fraud Investigation Role Analysis

Fraud Investigation Role Analysis Discuss how your learning from the course can be applied to your current role within your organisation and how it may benefit both you and the effective investigation of fraud. The essay would critically review the learning undertaken in the course and how it is applicable to my existing role as an officer within the counter fraud and money laundering team in a law enforcing agency in Middle East. The emphasis is on the way that learning would be beneficial for myself and the organisation through increased effectiveness in conducting the fraud, with a specific reference to the principles of ethical investigation, attaining and investigative mindset, achieving a knowledge base with respect to the relevant legislation and procedure, considerations for the golden hour and the usefulness of decision-making process as well as recording of decisions. According to the Code of Practice to the Criminal Procedure and Investigations Act 1996 (CPIA), a criminal investigation is an investigation undertaken by police officers with an attempt to establish if a person should be charged with an offence, or if the individual charged is guilty of it. Ethics and ethical investigation is increasingly important when investigating money laundering. Devery (2010) argues that criminal investigations attract considerable attention and interest from the public, which is attributed to the coverage given by the media to criminal behaviour and the crime committed but also as a result of the effect that crime has on those affected, as well as the wider communities and individuals impacted. The media and societal interest has increased over time, as technological advancements and proliferation of social media has led to heightened interest from the general public (Goldsmith, 2015). This means that money laundering investigators have responsibility to ensure that they undertake the investigations in a professional and ethical manner, which would assist in developing and maintaining the public confidence. Therefore, there is a need to conduct an investigation with common sense whilst upholding integrity at all times and not engage in any discriminatory or disproportionate behaviour that could result in the risk of losing cooperation and support of the stakeholders involved. This is consistent with the conclusion of Verhage (2011) that an ethical and professional approach to investigation not only positively impacts the reputation of the organisation but the officer too, leading to a positive impact on the victim and the wider community. When investigating the money laundering activity, it is important that I maintain an investigative mindset. The mindset refers to the attitude or state of mind, which is adopted by the investigators and subsequently could be developed over time through the experience and expertise developed in a profession. It takes into consideration a range of principles that should be applied during investigation, which include gaining an understanding of the sources underlying the material uncovered, adequate planning and preparation, appropriate examination of the resources, collection and collation of records and evaluation of the information and investigation. In the context of money laundering investigations, whilst reviewing the various transactions and associated parties as well developing an assessment of the different transactions to discover potential money laundering, the investigative mindset would involve maintaining professional skepticism and applying judgment to the different transactions and their underlying rationale. The professional services firm Ernst Young states that in the anti-money laundering compliance investigation, the heightened level of judgment needed through the process becomes more pertinent, as it is only in a few situations that the investigation follows a straightforward procedure (Ernst Young, 2016). Therefore, an investigative mindset is critical because it allows money laundering investigator to ascertain the nature of transactions reviewed, utilizing the judgment to assess the direction that the research should undertake and the relevant parties/ stakeholders that need additional review. Maintenance of investigative mindset also enables the researcher to make the most of the scarce available organisational resources and consequently maximise the efficiency and effectiveness of the money laundering investigation procedure. An investigator should possess a detailed knowledge base in relation to the legislation and procedures that are relevant in their profession. This means that I need to have a detailed knowledge of anti-money laundering (AML) regulations that are applicable not only at the regional level in Gulf but also at the international level, given the presence of global financial institutions and corporations in the region. It would involve a comprehensive understanding of AML and combating terrorist financing (CTF) legal arrangements, as well as anti-money laundering framework applicable in the region. Besides a detailed understanding of the AML law in the region, as well as primary and secondary ML offences, I would also need a detailed understanding of the global regulations within ML. This is because the ML laws in Gulf in general are based on the OECD regulations, which would increase my winder understanding of the regulatory environment within money laundering and the potential changes to ML framework in the future. The importance of knowledge base in ML when operating in Gulf is evident from a recent survey conducted by professional services firm Pricewaterhouse Coopers (PwC), which concluded that over 20% of financial service firms have not engaged in AML and CTF risk assessment in the region (PwC, 2016). This increases the importance of possessing a detailed understanding of the relevant regulations and laws when working within the ML team in a law enforcing agency. Moreover, possessing the knowledge and understanding becomes even more critical in the contemporary highly dynamic environment, whereby increasingly sophisticated techniques adopted by those engaging in criminal (money laundering) activities requires greater judgment and professional skepticism on the part of ML investigators such as myself, which would come through possessing and continuously improving the relevant knowledge base with respect to the legislation and procedure. According to the College of Policing (2016), golden hour refers to the term for the period that is in the immediate aftermath of committing an offence. This is the time when the evidence and material is increasingly available to the investigatory team. This requires a proactive approach to maximising the ability to make the most of golden hour during the investigation, as a proactive approach and positive action during the golden hour minimises the chances that information or material would be lost or not utilised during the investigation. Furthermore, it also maximises the prospects that the material would be admissible in court and consequently facilitate in providing justice. The key objectives of golden hour that I would serve in my ML role includes securing evidence, identifying those affected by the potential money laundering activity, identifying the suspects involved in such activity and preserving the evidence/scene. PwC (2016) argue that golden hour and undertaking a suitable action requires immediate thinking whereby an investigator needs to take control of the situation. Attending the course has provided me an ability to visualize the scenario and potential situation that I could be faced with in the future and how I could respond more effectively in dealing with such a situation. For instance, I would take greater control of the situation through securing the relevant evidence, identification and allocation of the resources at my disposal. This exercise has also helped me to consider the different physical, technological, financial and human resources that I have at my disposal in the organisation, which would be useful when making the most of the golden hour considerations. As part of the golden hour considerations and in the context of ML investigations in general, the decision making process and the need to record the various decisions is critical. The essence of decision-making is with respect to deciding what needs to be done, deciding the way it should be done and finally rationalizing and recording the decisions. This is consistent with the National Decision Model (NDM) employed by College of Policing, which takes into consideration collection of information and relevant intelligence, assessment of potential threats and subsequent development of strategy to deal with the threats, consideration of power and policy options available, identifying and options and contingencies available and finally taking action as well as reviewing the past events. It is pertinent that Code of Ethics is complied with throughout the decision-making, which reinforces the importance of ethical investigation as discussed earlier in the essay. By undertaking appropriate decision and recording them appropriately, I would be maximising the prospects of successfully investigating the potential ML activity. This would also assist me considering the different available resources and ultimately utilise them including the different option choices to undertake the best course of action to resolve the ML situation. Recording the decision would keep a clear track of the decision-making, which would be useful if presenting to the senior management or other stakeholders (internal or external). In conclusion, the essay considered the range of topics covered during the course and their practical application in my workplace, as an officer within the counter fraud and money laundering team in a law enforcing agency in the Middle East. The course has greatly enhanced my knowledge when it comes to undertaking ethical investigation, keeping and maintaining an investigative mindset and the importance of gaining greater knowledge with respect to the legislations and procedures. Furthermore, heightened understanding of the golden hour considerations and decision-making process has meant that I am more confident and aware of the different relevant activities that I would need to undertake when investigating the money laundering activities in my organisation. References College of Policing (2016), Investigation process, available at:Â  https://www.app.college.police.uk/app-content/investigations/investigation-process/ (accessed: 21/2/2017) Devery, C. (2010). Criminal profiling and criminal investigation. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 26(4), 393-409. Ernst Young (2016), Anti-money laundering compliance, available at:Â  http://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/ey-anti-money-laundering-compliance/$FILE/ey-anti-money-laundering-compliance.pdf (accessed: 21/2/2017) Goldsmith, A. (2015). Disgracebook policing: social media and the rise of police indiscretion. Policing and society, 25(3), 249-267. PwC (2016), Anti-money laundering, available at:Â  http://www.pwc.com/m1/en/publications/middle-east-economic-crime-survey/anti-money-laundering.html (accessed: 21/2/2017) Verhage, A. (2011). The anti money laundering complex and the compliance industry. Taylor Francis.

Sublime Elements in Like Water for Chocolate by Laura Esquivel Essay

     Ã‚   The novel Like Water for Chocolate, published in 1989, was written by Laura Esquivel who is of Spanish heritage. She lives in Mexico, and Like Water for Chocolate was her first novel. I feel that in the story Laura Esquivel gives a lot of magical elements that are treated as real in order to evoke emotions about love, but it also employs many features of sublime literature. In Like Water for Chocolate, a girl named Tita was born. When she was first born, it mentions that she was literally washed into this world on a great tide of tears that spilled over the edge of the table and flooded across the kitchen floor (6). This occurrence appears to be a magical element rather than the sublime. A baby cannot be washed into the world. Therefore, I feel that it is magical. Another magical realist element is that when Tita was born, Nacha swept up the residue the tears had left on the red stone floor. On the floor was enough salt to fill a ten-pound sack that was used for cooking and lasted a long time (7). This element is more magical than sublime because this happening can not occur. However, it is a good example of sublime literature because it illustrates Longinus' notion of accumulation as a feature of sublime language. The salt from Tita's birth definitely dealt with accumulation. In addition, in Like Water for Chocolate, when Tita was making her sister Rosaura's wedding cake a magical element occurred. She was making her sister's wedding cake, and at the same time, she was thinking of Pedro with whom she was in love with and who was marrying her sister. As she was thinking of Pedro, she began to cry. While she was crying, a tear drop went into the cake, and she was afraid that it messed up the meringue. The moment... ...elements. I did not notice many realist elements in the story Like Water for Chocolate. However, the realist elements did not relate to the sublime as well as the magical elements did. That the sublime is not used as much in writing. I feel that the sublime needs to be more fulfilled for people to understand it better. There are many articles that a person can find on the sublime, and it would be a new, enjoyable experience to learn some information on something new in life. Works Cited Esquivel, Laura. Like Water for Chocolate. New York. Doubleday, 1989. Simpkins, Scott. "Sources of Magic Realism/Supplements to Realism in Contemporary Latin American Literature." Magical Realism. Theory, History, Community. Ed. Lois Parkinson Zamora and Wendy B. Faris. Durkham, N. C: Duke UP, 1995, 150. Longinus. On the Sublime. Cambridge. Harvard UP, 1995.   

Bribery & International Monetary Fund

The end of twentieth century and the beginning of new millenium have seen the emergence of bribery from a predominantly political, national or regional concern to an issue receiving global attention. In 1996, the leadership of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) publicly denounced bribery and corruption as an obstacle to economic growth and development.Both institutions vowed to focus on the role of governance in growth and development and to give greater priority to combating bribery in their own programs. That same year, the Organization of American States (OAS) approved the Inter-American Convention against Corruption while the United Nations General Assembly called on member states to â€Å"take effective and concrete action to com ¬bat all forms of corruption, bribery and related illicit practices in international commercial transactions† (Elliot, 2).Elliot defines bribery as â€Å"practice by which an individual who can take decision or action on behalf of others by virtue of his authority or position is influenced by paying or offering monetary benefits for influencing him to take an action or decision which he would not have done otherwise† (Elliot, 4). As a result of the resurgence of interest in bribery as a major global issue, there has emerged a considerable research effort devoted towards detemiining the causes, costs, and consequences of bribery.From the macroeconomic perspective the literature for the most part has focused on the impact of bribery on investment, growth and development, in its analysis of the consequences of bribery. For example, Shleifer and Vishny argue that bribery impedes development and lowers economic growth by discouraging productive investment while Mauro provides tentative empirical evidence for this negative impact of bribery on investment and growth (Shleifer and Vishny, 601, Mauro, 683).There is considerable evidence to indicate that bribery and corruption are common in foreign trad e. The payment of bribes by firms and the receipt of bribes by public officials in the procurement and award of export contracts is a standard business practice in foreign trade. As a high-ranking corporate official has noted, â€Å"All of us involved in international business are aware that certain payments to government officials are quite common and an accepted method of doing business in many parts of the world† (Basche, 2).The US Department of Commerce, National Export Strategy Report (1996), states that since mid-1994, â€Å"we have learned of significant allegations of bribery by foreign firms in 139 international commercial contracts valued at $64 billion†¦Bribery continues to be pivotal in many export competitions, with the bribing companies still winning an estimated 80 percent of the contract decisions† (Tanzi, 363). From practical perspective, bribery manifests in a variety of forms. The bribe need not always be a monetary payment. There are more subtl e forms of bribery such as â€Å"entertain ¬ment expenses†, gifts in kind or gifts of services.The bribe to influence a favorable decision could be the provision of a â€Å"rent-free villa on the French Riviera or an expense-free weekend in Las Vegas† (Jacoby et al, 28). It could be a gift of a house or property or it could be the financing of a relative's education in the university. In addition to such payments, contacts and networks estab ¬lished though ethnic or language links or past dealings may also play a part in influencing the decision to award export contracts. Moreover, the bribe paid in order to obtain an export contract is sometimes regarded as a fixed cost of doing business overseas.Corruption on the federal level is a pervasive and universal phenomenon. It is a rare industry that has not been tainted by a corruption scandal involving the payment or receipt of bribes in the procurement or award of trade contracts. Incidence of bribery has spanned a n umber of industries, ranging from the aircraft, pharmaceutical, machinery and equipment, and chemicals industries to electronics. For instance, a byproduct of the Watergate investigation of the 1970s was the discovery by the Special Prosecutor that US companies were involved in making illegal contributions of corporate funds to domestic political campaigns.This led the Securities Exchange Commission (SEC) to investigate these corporations to determine if there had been a violation of federal se ¬curities laws. The SEC investigation revealed a number of corrupt practices including the payment of bribes to foreign officials in order to secure business abroad. Over 400 US compa ¬nies, including 117 of the Fortune 500 companies, were disclosed to have made questionable or illicit foreign payments in excess of $300 million (Sheffet, 290). One of the more prominent investiga ¬tions centered around Lockheed Aircraft.The SEC found that Lockheed had paid millions of dollars in bribes t o high-ranking foreign officials in order to secure aircraft export contracts. Other firms involved in the disclosure of questionable payments associated with export sales were Johnson & Johnson, Colgate-Palmolive Co. , Pfizer Inc. , American Home Products, and others. It was such disclosures that prompted the US Congress to enact the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 (FCPA) which outlaws the bribery of foreign government officials by US firms in order to obtain or maintain business abroad.On a state level corrupt state government is more likely to be involved in transactions that are more personally lucrative rather than those that are more profitable for the state (Shleifer and Vishny, 614-615). In other words, corrupt state officials tend to spend the state budget on sectors which have more bribery and bring more personal gain to them than sectors which have less bribery and less beneficial to them (Shleifer and Vishny, 615).As a result, state can even change â€Å"an invest ment away from the highest value projects, such as health and education, into potentially useless projects, such as unnecessary infrastructure† (Shleifer and Vishny, 616). Shleifer and Vishny point out that this tendency of corrupt state government suggests that many corrupt bodies of power spend more on defense and security than on public services and interests such as education since the former allows larger opportunities of bribery.Thus, according to these researchers analysis, corruption shifts an investment from public services to construction contracts; as a result, corruption reduces spending on education, healthcare and other social projects. WORKS CITED Basche, James R. Jr. , Unusual Foreign Payments: A Survey of the Policies and Practices of U. S. Companies, New York, 1976 Elliot, Kimberly Ann, (ed. ) Corruption and the Global Economy, Washington, DC: Institute for International Economics, 1997 Mauro, Paolo, â€Å"Corruption and Growth,† Quarterly Journal of E conomics, Vol.110, No. 3, p. 681-711, August 1995. Sheffet, Mary Jane, â€Å"The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988: Did They Change Corporate Behavior? † Journal of Public Policy and Marketing, Vol. 14. No. 2, p. 290-300, Fall 1995 Shleifer, Andrei, and Robert W. Vishny. â€Å"Corruption. † The Quarterly Journal of Economics 198(3): 599-617, 1993 Tanzi, Vito, â€Å"Corruption around the World: Causes, Consequences, Scope and Cures,† IMF Staff Papers, Vol. 45. No. 4, p. 559-94, D

Omnivore Definition and Examples

Omnivore Definition and Examples An omnivore is an organism that eats both animals and plants. An animal with such a diet is said to be omnivorous. An omnivore that youre probably pretty familiar with are humans- most humans (other than those who dont get any nutrition from animal products because of medical or ethical reasons) are omnivores. The Term Omnivore The word omnivore comes from the Latin words omni- meaning all- and vorare- meaning devour, or swallow. Therefore, omnivore means devours all in Latin. This is pretty accurate, as omnivores can get their food from a variety of sources. Food sources can include algae, plants, fungi, and animals.  Animals may be omnivorous their entire lives or just at specific stages of life. Advantages and Disadvantages of Being an Omnivore Omnivores have the advantage of being able to find food in a variety of places. Therefore, if one prey source diminishes, they can fairly easily switch to another one.  Some omnivores are also scavengers, meaning they feed on dead animals or plants, which further increases their food options. They do have to find their food- omnivores either wait for their food to pass by them or need to actively seek it out.  Since they have such a general diet, their means of getting food is not as specialized as carnivores or herbivores. For example, carnivores have sharp teeth for ripping and gripping prey and herbivores have flatter teeth adapted for grinding.  Omnivores may have a mix of both kinds of teeth- think of our molars and incisors as an example. A disadvantage for other marine life is that marine omnivores may be more likely to invade non-native habitats. This has cascading effects on native species, which may be preyed-upon or displaced by the invading omnivore. An example of this is the Asian shore crab which is native to countries in the Northwest Pacific Ocean but was transported to Europe and the U.S. where it is out-competing native species for food and habitat. Examples of Marine Omnivores Below are some examples of marine omnivores: Many crab species (including blue, ghost and Asian shore crabs)Horseshoe crabsLobsters (e.g. American lobster, spiny lobster)Some sea turtles- like Olive ridley and flatback turtles- are omnivores. Green turtles are herbivores as adults, but omnivores as hatchlings. Loggerhead turtles are carnivores as adults but omnivores as hatchlingsCommon perwinkle: These small snails feed mostly on algae but may also eat small animals (like barnacle larvae)Some types of zooplanktonSharks are generally carnivores, although the whale shark and basking shark may be considered omnivores, as they are filter feeders that eat plankton. As they mow through the ocean with their enormous mouths open, the plankton they consume may include both plants and animals. Using that line of reasoning, mussels and barnacles may be considered omnivores, since they filter small organisms (which may contain both phytoplankton and zooplankton) from the water Omnivores and Trophic Levels In the marine (and terrestrial) world, there are producers and consumers. Producers (or autotrophs) are organisms that make their own food. These organisms include plants, algae, and some types of bacteria. Producers are at the base of a food chain.  Consumers (heterotrophs) are organisms that need to consume other organisms to survive. All animals, including omnivores, are consumers.   In a food chain, there are trophic levels, which are the feeding levels of animals and plants. The first trophic level includes the producers, because they produce the food that fuels the rest of the food chain. The second trophic level includes the herbivores, which eat producers.  The third trophic level includes omnivores and carnivores. References and Further Information: Chiras, D.D. 1993. Biology: The Web of Life. West Publishing Company.Harper, D. Omnivorous. Online Etymology Dictionary. Accessed September 29, 2015.National Geographic. Autotroph.  Accessed September 29, 2015.The Oceanic Society. What Do Sea Turtles Eat? SEETurtles.org. Accessed September 29, 2015.

7 tips to not letting work take over your life

7 tips to not letting work take over your life In this age of leaning in and working whatever hours it takes to get ahead, it can be increasingly easy to forget to take time for yourself. Doing anything but work can actually seem like laziness or self-indulgence- especially when it looks like everyone else is still working furiously while you’ve taken off for the day. However, burnout is real. If you’re not operating at full capacity because you’re mentally and physically exhausted, your work and personal life will suffer. The key is to find a  good balance between your hard work and your outside life. Here are a few strategies on how to do just that.1. Keep one day meeting-free.Lots of companies establish one day a week as â€Å"meeting-free,† where no one is allowed to schedule any kind of mandatory group gathering. If your company doesn’t do this, suggest it to your manager. Setting aside one work day that’s just for you to actually work will do wonders for your productivity. Youâ₠¬â„¢ll get more done during the day and take home less work (and stress) at night.2. Work from home if possible.If telecommuting is an option for you at your job, take advantage of it. If it isn’t yet, have a conversation with your boss. Even one day or half day a week can help keep you grounded and give you that little bit of extra space that keeps you centered.3. Protect your time away from the office.If you do have to take work home, make sure you set strict time limits for yourself, so it doesn’t eat up all of your out-of-office time. Triage the important stuff. Respond only to the most critical emails, then leave the rest for when you’re back at your desk. And unless it’s truly an emergency, try to make it a policy not to respond to work emails at all over the weekends. Your weekend time is your own.4. Fit in exercise.Build this into your work day, with something as simple as a half-hour walk during your lunch break. If that isn’t possible, bu ild an hour or two a week into your weekly routine. Exercise will keep you healthy, sharp, young, and full of endorphins. You can’t really afford not to find the time, so go ahead and make sure you do- your body and your brain will thank you. Taking care of your body takes care of so much else.5. Make family a priority.The people you love and who love you in your life aren’t expendable, and your job should know that. If emergencies come up, show up. Make time to be there for the people that you love as a rule, not as an exception.6. Take vacation.Seriously. Vacation and personal time exist for a reason. Take every day you are allowed. You’re supposed to use these days, and you (and your boss) will be glad you did. Your work and attitude will definitely improve after taking a break.7. Schedule blank time.Instead of scheduling yourself to the gills, from your alarm going off in the morning until bedtime, make sure you block off time in your schedule when you donâ €™t have anything to do- not even family obligations or doctors appointments. Let your brain really an truly relax,  and it will stay sharp and creative.You might not be able to give yourself a full half-hour or hour every day, but you can try. Even just twenty minutes to sit quietly and meditate or take a walk can make all the difference in your attitude and your health.

This is about my engineering class PowerPoint Presentation

This is about my engineering class - PowerPoint Presentation Example In such circumstances, people look forward to kitchen appliances that are more efficient and time saving. A vast majority of people aged between 20 and 35 frequently shift from one place to another in order to accord with their workplace. Therefore, modular home furniture suits them the most. However, they have conventionally had hard time furnishing their kitchens because of lack of modular kitchen appliances and furniture. Needs of the working class married couples can best be addressed by proposing a smart â€Å"mobile kitchen furniture assembly† model. This paper presents a noble concept in order to ease the mobility of the kitchen as a whole from one place to another. The conventional kitchen: Kitchen is a place meant for cooking food and storing raw ingredients as well as the cooked food. A gas or electric stove is a must feature of the contemporary kitchen in urban houses. Most of the modern day kitchens do have a microwave oven in them. The kitchen has a refrigerator t hat is a fundamental means of storing food and raw ingredients. A deep freezer accommodates frozen food and ice. A sink is necessarily employed as a place of dish washing, thus necessitating the facility of fresh clean tap water. In addition to that, kitchens have cupboards and wooden cabinets that are meant for placing utensils, and various culinary dishes. An exhaust fan is provided in the kitchen for regulating the air. Some families prefer to have their kitchen large enough to accommodate dining table as well. The Conventional Kitchen (Gowtham Enterprises). Guidelines for design of kitchen furniture: Before developing a model for â€Å"mobile kitchen furniture assembly†, it is customary to study the guidelines that are conventionally laid for designing the kitchen furniture. The kitchen furniture is fundamentally made up of wood, plastic, and steel (stainless or mild). Wood is protected with varnish or plastic lamination. For pans, shelves made in metal remain the best. I n order to increase the usable space, doors and windows can be made sliding. Cutting is facilitated by such utensils as cutting boards and knives, all placed in pull out drawers. Location of draining boards is considered most convenient in floor units. Dishwashers should be on either side of the sink. Preferred kitchen furniture design: A survey was conducted to establish a kitchen furniture design according to the choice of consumers. In order to achieve this, he carried out a survey in which he proposed three design models for the respondents to choose the best from. The three models along with the graded response are shown in the figure below: Kitchen furniture design models (Thakur 46). As evident from the picture above, maximum respondents chose model A as their preferred kitchen furniture design. The kitchen furniture design model should provide the consumers with the following facilities: 1. The counters’ height should be adjustable. 2. The furniture should be capaciou s enough to accommodate consumers’ culinary appliances. 3. Furniture should not be fixed, and should be stylish, and lightweight. 4. A compact kitchen furniture assembly was high in demand among the consumers. 5. The look should be modernistic and price should be affordable. 6. The system should be as user friendly as possible, and should avoid requirement of multitasking which may complicate the kitchen works. 7. There should be centralized interaction between the furniture appliances and the consumers. 8.

Teaching Document Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Teaching Document - Essay Example The other chemicals used include: alpha amylase enzyme, gluco-amylase enzyme and carbon which is used in the adsorbers as a decolorizer. The process occurs in five main stages; two hydrolysis processes that convert about 100% of the starch in the slurry into glucose and three evaporation processes to dry up the glucose. The starch slurry first flows into the first hydrolyser, R1, which converts 25% of the starch into glucose using alpha-amylase enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis process. After the first hydrolysis process, the viscosity of the slurry is reduced, and the slurry is then passed through a centrifuge, PS-1, which removes any proteins and oils present. The slurry is then passed through the second hydrolyser, R-2, which completes the hydrolysis process using the gluco-amylase enzyme that leads to the overall conversion of starch to glucose to almost 100%. The viscosity reduction of the slurry after the first hydrolysis process ensures proper mixing with the gluco-amylase and prevents the formation of unhydrolyzable gelatinous material in the second hydrolyser. After the second process of hydrolysis, the slurry is decolorizes in an adsorber, CS-1, parked with carbon (Silla 23). After the conversion of starch to glucose the rest of the process dehydrates the glucose. A dry product is then obtained using the process of evaporation. The glucose solution is pumped into the first stage of evaporation where a portion of the water is removed. To conserve energy (heat), the first stage of evaporation uses mechanical re-compression of the vapor evolved and since glucose is heat sensitive the process is conducted in a vacuum produced by a vacuum pump, C-1. The first evaporation stage is carried out in two steps; in the first step, energy is transferred to the solution in the boiler to evaporate some water concentrating the glucose. In the next step vapor and liquid are separated in a phase separator. After the

Explain the reasons behind the creation of equity. What is it and how Essay

Explain the reasons behind the creation of equity. What is it and how is it different from common law What is the present relationship between common law and e - Essay Example It is a supplement to strict laws which do not really provide adequate remedy to mistakes or erring actions done. Common law is the set of principles established by the judges based on the cases that have been decided on already. These common laws however cannot be absolute in its application or implementations. There are some cases where it is impossible to apply the general statements established under common law. Application of common law principles at times leans towards injustice, so equity comes in as a rectification or a modification of the law in instances when the law is deemed ineffective or defective. Equity was created in England when the policies and restrictions of common law failed or were not able to solve all the problems. It developed when laws comprising common law became too rigid and technical that it led to inadequacy in upholding justice. Those who felt that the common law system was inadequate in solving their problems were allowed to air their grievances to the King. A King’s council was established to look into the grievances. The duty later was delegated to one individual who was called the Lord Chancellor and was known to be the â€Å"King’s conscience†. The Lord Chancellor presided over the Court of Chancery which only dealt with civil cases such as contract and property disputes or issues. The Court of Chancery soon became an adversary or a challenger of the common law courts and lawyers found it nearly impossible to correctly advise their clients because the Lord Chancellor was unbound by the law and can give any ruling he deemed correct ( History of the Judiciary). A clearer distinction between the Court of Chancery and the English common law courts is that although the English common law courts employed their duties under the general authority of the King, their function is still mainly judicial in nature. This function is limited to the non-discretionary judgment of laws. On the

Effective Teamwork Questionnaire Essay Example for Free

Effective Teamwork Questionnaire Essay Answer each question in 200 to 300 words, using specific information from the text, â€Å"Helping Annie†, â€Å"Team Building†, and â€Å"Building a Team of Talent† videos, and your research and experience. 1. What are the characteristics of effective teams? How will you ensure your collaborative team works effectively? Effective team are important, and their functions crucial to their success. I have found that clear goals, relaxed environment, open communication, and freedom to express ideas and feelings are great ways to ensure success. In the video â€Å"Helping Annie†, the dynamics of the team were lost due to lack of information, who was right and who could be trustworthy. When team members meet, they should feel as though they blend in with the group. They should feel a commitment to the goals and achievements to the group. What I know about groups are, that having valued diversity, defined roles, balanced participation, and cooperative relationships help with moving the group to a positive outcome. As a participative leader, as it is said in our eBook Working In Groups, â€Å"there is a balance of primary roles and when team members know their roles, work to their strengths, and actively manage weaknesses.† (Engleberg, 2013, p. 55). I will commit myself to ensuring I respect commitments, consistent communication to the group, collaborate, and contribute to the group’s goals and ideas with valuable information that helps in the decisions. I will also be aware of the group’s diversity, talents and dynamics. I bring knowledge of how to deal with problems, planning techniques and ways to improve myself within the group. 2. How will you deal with behavior that hurts your team’s objectives? With conflict in a group environment, I would handle it with respect, recognition, focused on accountability and be aware of unfulfilled needs of that particular team member. I would not reward the difficult behavior nor would I encourage the disruptive behavior. I believe that if you ignore it or â€Å"sweep it under the mat† it takes time, energy away from the group, and I  would want the group to resolve it quickly. I would make sure that I/we do not citizen or â€Å"brand† that person as a trouble maker. I would work together with the group and the individual and encourage each other to focus on the group’s interests and not individual’s position. It is also important to look for opportunities that encourage and empower each team member in the group. I would express a sensitive listening ear to uncover the root of the problem. Listing out the objectives to the individual and the group and reminding them why we are here and how to accomplish them Practicing direct communications, body language and clarifying questions helps resolve the situation and gives the group clarity to the behavior. In dealing with behavior that is disruptive to the group can be a challenge in itself, however it can be resolved with patients and a good listener. 3. What are your proactive processes to keep a team member up to date if he or she misses a meeting? What are your backup plans if things are not working on your team? There are several great ways to keep a team member up to date. Develop and cultivate easy ways to stay connected with those that miss. Face-to-Face and computer-mediated communications are great ways to reconnect and share ideas, goals and feelings. Face-to-Face provide excellent results in effectiveness, comprehension, and gives opportunities to be educated on the use of technology. It builds up respect, inclusion and grows your professional relationship with the team member and group. Update through venues such as emails, skyping, this can be challenging to coordinate, this provides another source of information. This can save time, money and bring the meeting/information to others that live far away. When things do not work out as they are supposed to, I chose to take a moment and find out where things went areaway. Encourage others to share and discuss what happened and create new plans, goals that incorporate processes that help us stay on track. Back up plans help in always being prepared for when things don’t just right. When setting up your backup plans, tap into the group and find team members that have knowledge and expertise in planning. As I use this, it will set up the entire team in a supportive and positive atmosphere. 4. How will you use technology to support your team’s efforts? What are some  questions you should ask? Working with technology has made it easier to communicate, track the individuals / groups progress and increasing productivity. With using an assortment of media platforms such as emails, Skype, video conferencing,instant messaging, and facetalk. These software programs can assist in better group communication, making decisions, and discussing issues easily. I will educate, create a â€Å"how to† of resources that will include information on each media platform. I would bring the group together in collaboration to see where they are with technology and create a smaller group to assist in the training. As new technology is made available, have continued training and education of the group as to stay current with technology. As with new technology always assessing the software, cell phones, computers, servers and other products are current. This will produce a group that is collaborating, productive, which will benefit the company and group. Asking questions is a great way to understand and know your group. With technology, it is important to find out what media platforms the group are already using. I would also ask how can we stay on task with these different media platforms and which ones work best for the group. Stay consistent with the goal/ objective and have a group that through technology use, becomes one unit! 5. Is your team more task-focused or relationship-focused? Why? What are the implications to your team? I find that our group is a mixture of both task-focused and relationship-focused. I have seen just in the last class that we all want to succeed and grow from each others experience. With having the mixture of the two, the work is defined, and roles expected. There are structures in place; a plan devised and we are organized to meet our tasks. As the group continues to work together, there is a supportive, motivating, and collaborating group. We are concerned with each person ideas, thoughts and actions. With these two types of people in the group, we can be productive, accomplish a lot and have a good time in doing it. Although with task-focused or relationship-focused, set up activities and follow up and follow through. With tasks, you can do it with encouragement and empower each team member to always do their best. Through the recommendations from our text this week, have an agenda, plan out your tasks, involve each team member, listen, and encourage them. By engaging  your team, you can meet the challenges of business head on and with seasoned team members involved you can pull from their experiences and knowledge. They will become confident, learning new skills and lead successful change. REFERENCES Engleberg, Isa. (2013). WorkinWorking in Groups: Communication Principles and Strategies, Sixth Edition, by Isa N. Engleberg and Dianna R. Wynn. Published by Pearson.g in Groups: Communication Principles and Strategies, Sixth Edition, by Isa N. Engleberg and Dianna R. Wynn. Published by Pearson. (6th ed.). : Pearson.

Justice in the Legal System Essay -- Justice System Laws Crimes Essays

Justice in the Legal System Justice, as defined by Webster’s Dictionary is the quality of being fair or just. This implies that justice would have something to do with being fair. I thought that if one of the things the law and legal system are about is maintaining and promoting justice and a sense of fairness, they might not be doing such a great job. An eye for an eye is fair? No, that would be too easy, too black and white. I could cite several examples where I thought a judge’s or jury’s ruling was unfair, however I will not simply due to the fact that this is to be about what justice is to me and not what justice was to the particular courtroom situation. I actually do believe in our legal system and I believe in justice. I believe justice is the ideal that we as a society strive to achieve. The legal system, when looked at closely, is not just but judgment. You can be punished when found guilty in a number of way, but who knows if they are â€Å"fair† punishments, an example might be is it fair to the mother of a man who is sentenced to death for his crime or crimes when she herself did nothing wrong and was in fact, quite possibly, a model parent? Is it fair that a convicted murderer may serve 30 years in prison and walk out at the end of his sentence to live out the rest of his life while the victim will never take another breath or see their children or grandchildren live? It is all a matter of opinion, both personal and public. Why is justice import...