Crippled by their Culture by Thomas Sowell Essay

Injured by their Culture by Thomas Sowell - Essay Example The center, or proposition, of the author is that race can't be utilized as an indicator or a descriptor for these types of contrast, as the thing that matters isn't predominant while analyzing individuals from a similar race who have been raised under various situations, for example, African-Americans and local Africans. The creator recommends that rather, the way of life that these individuals are raised in gives an a lot more grounded driver of their disparities, and this can act naturally fortifying. The creator refers to an assortment of recounted guides to give proof to his perspective, delivering a compelling and all around explored contention. The writer begins the article by posting a portion of the fundamental contrasts that are recognized to exist among blacks and whites, in spite of the fact that the rundown isn't essentially evolved. Rather, the creator proceeds to talk about how these distinctions have been introduced and clarified, both in prior and in present occasion s. Refering to a case of ongoing exploration, the creator proceeds to clarify how these viewpoints don't satisfactorily clarify all the distinctions that happen. The model the creator was an investigation that took a gander at dark Harvard graduated class, and found that those from Africa or the West Indies, or were offspring of foreigners from either area, limitlessly dwarfed African-American blacks. The creator proceeds to recommend, that this distinction and comparative contrasts can't sufficiently be clarified by either racial contrasts or by bigotry. In the accompanying section, the creator draws in the crowd asking them straightforwardly what potential clarifications exists to clarify â€Å"such huge incongruities †¦among these three gatherings of blacks?† Here he urges the crowd to think about his past explanations, and reach the resolution that prejudice and race are not satisfactory descriptors of three gatherings that are extremely hard to recognize outwardly. The passages that follow address the recorded point of view, recommending that abberations inside races have consistently existed, returning to contrasts between the â€Å"†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢free people of color’ in 1950†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and â€Å"†¦those blacks whose precursors were liberated in the following decade†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Following this, the creator unexpectedly changes center, from thinking about the past and explicit models, to right now and the contrasts between the North and the South of the United States. Besides, he goes from thinking about contrasts between blacks, to exclusively thinking about contrasts inside the blacks and inside the whites over the Northern and Southern United States. To help his contention, the creator gives various factual instances of contrasts, for example, the time kids spend in school and the quantity of schools. He at that point thinks about how these inconsistencies can cause different abberations, refering to wrongness rates and s avagery models. The creator at that point rehashes and strengthens his focuses that â€Å"none of these incongruities can be ascribed to either race or racism†, at that point recommends and in this way exposes subjugation as an elective hypothesis. He proposes that culture is the main clarification that is left. The second 50% of the exposition takes on an alternate tone. Up till this point the creator concentrated on social contrasts from a progressively hypothetical viewpoint, refering to a scope of models. In the second 50% of the article he speaks exclusively around one explicit case, the contrasts between the North and the South, utilizing the regular injurious term for Southerners, rednecks. The creator pulls together his course on the dark populace, by thinking about how the redneck culture was involved by around 33% of the white populace of the United States, 90% of the dark populat

Strategic Human Resource Management at Leopard Data

Question: Talk about the Strategic Human Resource Management at Leopard Data. Answer: Presentation On occasion, some precarious difficulties, which are inborn to human asset dynamic, happen that makes its key application extra troublesome. When contrasted with other organization assets, human resources vary from every single other asset, for example, money related capital and physical items/benefits that the firm sells. Like the worth related with the ventures made in the organization's image, HR are elusive; along these lines, they are indistinct. While the connection between representatives perspectives to their compensation to laborers practices then to clients recognitions and hierarchical outcomes stays cloudy at its best, the expense related with human work is known; henceforth, introducing a cost that ought to be limited (Jackson 2003, p.36). In any case, the incongruity is that individuals remain as being one of only a handful scarcely any advantages in the association that can acknowledge in esteem. In view of this, chiefs in any firm are confronted with a twofold test: H ow would organizations be able to settle on better choices to oversee human capital which perceives their worth? While worker conduct can be hard to foresee, watch or even measure, speculations made on representatives should be deliberately overseen. Drawing from applicable information drawn from hypotheses of vital human asset the executives, we help the leaders in Leopard Data to improve their bits of knowledge on decisions made on HR. Vital Human Resource Management (Current Theory) Similarly as the name proposes, key human asset the board is profoundly established in a procedure that principally centers around how a firm can accomplish benefit. The center competency of key human asset the board is to direct associations on the most proficient method to improve their serious presentation by using their HR all the more effectively (Wright et al. 2001, p.711). Vital human asset the board is worried about two sorts of assets. The principal asset relates Leopard Data's human capital; the aptitudes, information, and capacities controlled by the organization's representatives. The test for human asset vital choice is to change the HR to capacities that are uncommon, significant and hard to mimic (Jackson et al. 2003, p.78). The subsequent asset is the association's frameworks, which for these situation are the human asset approaches and practices that help the improvement of human capital. The test here lies in choosing a cost-effective group that can help representatives to perform at their best. Panther Data: A Case Study on a Failing of Strategic Human Resource Management Panther Data Australia is an organization situated in Melbourne, Australia that manages innovation arrangements. The enterprise had a strong human asset technique that included free breakfast among others appreciated by the organization's staff. In any case, the company's human asset administrator had noticed that the workers at the new branch were not reacting to the clothing regulation necessities the organization had set. This ends up being a significant issue since the connections delighted in the middle of the board and laborers decides their profitability and devotion to Leopard Data. The current paper analyze these issues dependent on speculations drawn from vital human asset the executives. After the recognizable proof of the issue, the paper offers proposals that consolidate an increasingly proper culture program. The executives Practices and Policies Failed to Shape the Employee Behaviors As indicated by the conduct point of view of human asset the executives, the allure of different explicit activities is impacted by certain components inside and outside the association (Jackson 2012, p.110). As indicated by the hypothesis, workers practices are moldable. That implies individuals get inspired in specific manners by ways that are socially endorsed by others henceforth are receptive to numerous enlightening signals. The hypothesis accentuates on two wellsprings of signs concerning the way wherein representatives are to be dealt with and casual day by day rehearses at the organization. The human asset the board at Leopard Data started the clothing regulation without evaluating whether the clothing standard was socially affirmed by different representatives at the new branch at Sydney. The acknowledgment at the organization's different workplaces didn't ensure an acknowledgment at the new Sydney branch. Viable Practices and Policies Did Not Support the Needed Employee Behavior The entirety of Leopard's Data explicit administration arrangements and practices are required to work as a lot of interrelated powers that impact the worker conduct. As per the conduct point of view, a viable human asset framework should manage worker conduct by offering open doors for the representatives to take part in the ideal conduct (Jackson 2012, p.88). It ought to likewise propel the workers. In Leopard Data, the presentation of the clothing standard was done yet the representatives were not offered any chance and inspiration to receive and acknowledge the new guideline. Inspiration could have for example been presented by having easygoing days where the workers could wear satisfactory easygoing wear as liked. In Leopard Data, in spite of the fact that the organization had presented a few motivators for the workers that were insufficient since forcing a clothing regulation was seen by the representatives as an encroachment of their privileges. Additionally, the administration didn't offer any impetus that would help the workers to embrace the new clothing regulation. Panther Data's Practices Should Shift From Best Practices to Those That Fit.' The social point of view introduced a takeoff from earlier practices where HR the board approaches are intended to accomplish their vital objectives (Collins Clark 2003, p.745). Previously, human asset the board was immersed in specialized points of view that expected that there were better methods of overseeing individuals as per the prescribed procedures.' This is actually what occurred in Leopard Data where the human asset strategy picked the prescribed procedures which included forced a clothing standard which is the most broadly acknowledged in many organizations. Conversely, nonetheless, the social points of view expect that human asset practices ought to be intended to fit in the organization. In this change in outlook, there is no any one most ideal method of overseeing individuals. Panther Data human asset strategy ought to have rather centered around the methodology that fit their circumstance. For this situation, I would suggest that the organization permits easygoing wear that is legitimate simultaneously. For example, polo shirts and khaki wear for men. Ladies could have fitting pants permitted just as low heel shoes. Dissimilar Treatment Theory For the situation study, we are given one specific episode where the organization sent messages that urged staff to follow the fitting clothing standard. The representatives were angry on the solicitation and one worker tested why the organization's clothing standard included increasingly agreeable shoes for ladies. This remark raises the oppressive issues that sway Leopard Data's clothing regulation approach. Much the same as numerous organizations, Leopard Data's clothing regulation permits men to wear suits and ladies dresses. Would this be able to be oppressive as indicated by the divergent treatment hypothesis? The unique treatment hypothesis has been utilized to discover whether an approach adds up to segregation. As per the hypothesis, separation happens when one gathering is dealt with less well than another gathering in comparable circumstances (Bent 2011, p.797). Panther Data's approach on clothing regulations can't be named as being unfair since people can't be on a similar stage since each gathering wears in an unexpected way. Regardless of whether the representatives from both genders figure out what they dress, the men can't dress precisely as ladies. Thus the strategy can't be named as being biased to the men. Panther Data executed the framework to guarantee conventionality and rational soundness at the work environment which would then pass on an expert picture to different business partners, for example, proprietors and clients. Occupation Enrichment With proceeded with negative pressure between the administration and workers at Leopard Data, the organization requires a new position configuration approach that will deal with the worries of the representatives. Occupation advancement is an upgrade strategy that permits the representatives to have further control on how they play out their assignments (Wright 2001, p.718). The methodology permits the workers to assume greater liability which can go far to expanding efficiency while lessening representative turnover. The mental needs of the representatives are central in the structure of employments that builds their fulfillment. One suggestion is present easygoing days when representatives are permitted to turn out to be progressively loose. Another methodology is let the workers wear easygoing yet proper wear while holding dress jeans at the workplace for the unrehearsed gatherings. These methodologies ought to be with the end goal that as opposed to having a culture where rules are created and constantly clarified, the representatives should take responsibility for rules. This would extend to a more extravagant employment opportunity experience that would give work fulfillment that will enable the organization to hold its representatives. End In summation, the social methodology gives rules on how vital human asset strategies ought to be contrived. The human asset arrangements ought to be those that fit while simultaneously supporting representative conduct through inspiration. It ought to recognize that human conduct is pliant. On the segregation asserts, an essential methodology is present the suggestions offered in the paper that would guarantee a perspective on equity. References Bowed, J.R., 2011. The indication of segregation: probabilities, data asymmetries, and the orderly different treatment hypothesis, University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform, Vol. 44, Issue 4, p. 797 Collins, C. J., Clark, K. D. 2003. Key human asset rehearses, top supervisory group interpersonal organizations, and firm p

Gun Control Essays (1597 words) - Gun Politics In The United States

Firearm Control Essays (1597 words) - Gun Politics In The United States Firearm Control : The disappointment of Gun Control Laws Americans are confronted with an ever-developing issue of viciousness. Our boulevards have become a battleground where the old are beaten for their government managed savings checks, where frightened ladies are violently assaulted and assaulted, where high school criminal shoot it out for a fix of turf to sell their unlawful medications, and where honest kids are gotten every day in the crossfire of drive-by shootings. We can't overlook the harm that these lawbreakers are doing to our general public, and we should take activities to stop these revulsions. In any case, the endeavors by some confused people to kill the legitimate responsibility for doesn't address the genuine issue within reach, and just incapacitates the guiltless reputable residents who are most needing a type of self-protection. To completely comprehend the explanations for the weapon control endeavors, we should take a gander at the historical backdrop of our nation, and the job guns have played in it. The second revision to the Constitution of the United States makes gun possession legitimate in this nation. There were valid justifications for this opportunity, reasons which endure today. Guns in the new world were utilized at first for chasing, also, every so often for self-preservation. In any case, when the pioneer felt that the weight of English abuse was a lot for them to endure, they got their own guns also, did battle. Remaining against the British militaries, these agitators got themselves restricted by the best military power on the planet around then. The eighteenth century seen the stature of the British Empire, yet the unpleasant band of pioneer opportunity warriors found the force on the Minuteman, the normal American weapon proprietor. These Minuteman, so named in light of the fact that they would get their own firearms and bounce to the resistance of their nation on a minutes notice, served a significant part in winning the American Revolution. The establishing fathers of the nation comprehended that an equipped people was instrumental in fending off persecution, and they made the option to keep and carry weapons an intrinsically ensured right(The Gunin American 14-25)Over the years, a portion of the explanations behind possessing guns have changed. As our nation develop into a solid country, we extended westbound, investigating the wild, and building new towns on the boondocks. Regularly, these new towns were far away from the focuses of human progress, and the main law they had was apportioned by townsfolk through the barrel of a firearm. Wrongdoing existed, yet could be limited when the townspeople retaliated against the hoodlums. In the end, these sorted out townspeople created police powers as their towns developed in size. Less individuals conveyed their guns in the city, yet the guns were consistently there, fit to be utilized in self-defense(27-39) It was after the Civil War that the first weapon control advocates appeared. These southern pioneers who were apprehensive that the recently liberated dark slaves would state their freshly discovered political rights, and these pioneers needed to make it simpler to persecute the free blacks(41) This abuse was achieved by passing laws making it illicit in numerous spots or dark individuals to possess guns. With that exertion, they guaranteed themselves that the dark populace would be subject to their control, and world not can retaliate. Simultaneously, the individuals who were generally aim on denying dark individuals their fundamental rights strolled around with their guns, putting forth it difficult to oppose their attempts. An unarmed man stands minimal possibility against and outfitted one, and these furnished men saw their arrangements work totally. It was an entire century before the social equality activists of the 1960s had the option to reestablish the protected opportunities that blacks in this nation were conceded in the 1860s(46). Todays weapon control activists are a marginally extraordinary variety. They guarantee that firearm savagery in this nation has arrived at a point where something must be done to stop it. They might want to see hoodlums incapacitated, and they need the arbitrary viciousness to stop(Edel 77). I concur with their conclusions. Be that as it may, they are going about it in the incorrect way. While asserting that they need to remove weapons from the hands of lawbreakers, they work to pass enactment that world remove the firearms from the hands of honest residents. Thus the endeavors at weapon control don't address the genuine issue of wrongdoing. The straightforward meaning of a criminal is somebody who doesn't comply with the law. The straightforward meaning of a well behaved

DDay1 essays

DDay1 articles In this book report I read the book D-Day and educates u regarding the time previously and the exhausting fights that hinted at the most critical and most significant day of this century, June 6, 1944, that was D-Day. Additionally I will make reference to key focuses and portray to you what many-sided arranging and tiring system that out hurt the German What truly chose the result of the war was dictated by three things the quantity of partners, the quantity of fighters that where situated right with the goal that they could protect every region similarly, however the issue with the German powers was that they vanquished to such an extent land that they couldnt safeguard everything and that was one fundamental explanation the they lost the war. The last fundamental explanation was who had more and better weaponry. Which the Germans had a major bit of leeway for the initial segment of the war. The weapons that they had was the V-2, it was the universes first medium-run ballistic rocket, it wasnt military weapon by any stretch of the imagination, in any case, a psychological militant gadget. They additionally had created the ME-262 twin fly warrior prepared for sequential creation. Its cruising speed was 520 miles every hour, in excess of 120 miles an hour quicker than any plane the partners could send against it, and it mounted four 33mm standard it was known as the Blitz Bomber . At the point when Hitler saw the 262s abilities he was impressed, however he needed something that could bomb London. Another large thing that the Germans utilized was the B-17 planes. Hitler was satisfied with them and they were ideal for the 262s to escort them. For instance Hitler utilized the B-17 at the assault of the Berlin Walk. He utilized 1,250 B-17 and had 14 gatherings of fly contenders (262s) also, he didnt lose not one plane. The Americans then again had some weapon favorable circumstances that had been concocted by the British, an American partner, that demonstrated great over the long haul, for example, the LST and the LCT. LST represents L... <!

Kfc China Case Study free essay sample

Extension ought to be advanced so as to exploit China’s progressively developing economy. Having a normal development pace of 8% in GDP and a populace of 1. 3 billion (Li 2004), the China presents an undeniably huge purchasing power. KFC China can exploit this by acquainting more establishments with increment development and benefits. In reference to Porter’s ‘Five Forces’ model, despite the fact that there will be future serious weight from organizations in the business, KFC’s restricted menu requests to purchasers and will separate them from global contenders who haven’t overhauled their plan of action for Chinese business. In this way, KFC has an exceptional chance to offer an American style experience that is not quite the same as most other nourishment foundations (Li 2004). By extending, KFC China can improve the probability of long haul achievement. ‘KFC China will encounter unavoidable losses on the off chance that it keeps on venturing into zones with lower spending power. ’ (Li 2012) Rather than extend through China in lower financial territories, diagram 1 (adjusted from Foster Partners Group 2012) proposes that KFC should concentrate on venture into both progressed and creating urban communities where there will exist the most elevated rate increment in standard customers by 2020. There will be more significant levels of extra cash in these urban communities especially, hence encouraging an expansion in customers taking an interest in the market and expanding benefits. As extension expands, greater administration issues and general issues are probably going to emerge including delicate franchisee the executives, unclear brand improvement procedures and the absence of coordinations and dissemination outlets. (Woke, 2012). In any case, as indicated by Bell and Shelman (2011), KFC China controls gracefully chain the board issues with its own circulation framework. Albeit costly, this permits KFC China to keep on extending quickly with its own stockrooms, truck armada and complex menu. In like manner, the possibility of long haul achievement has been improved through careful arranging. The extension procedure has further possibility of progress if the present pattern of expanded freedom of ladies inside China proceeds. Female investment in the workforce is as of now at a high of 67% in China, and with the one-kid arrangement still set up numerous ladies are currently liberated from thinking about huge families. In this way, one can expect that female working environment interest rates will increment later on (Atsmon et al. 2012, p. 18-19) Hence, ladies will progressively become alluring buyers themselves as they won't have as much time to get ready home dinners and may look for more remove suppers from the workplace or home. In the event that KFC China further merges on their effectively high piece of the pie of 40% (Bell and Shelman 2011) and item quality through the extension system, the brand name will be fortified. This considered, buyers will be bound to buy more KFC nourishment, in this way expanding development and benefits. The main test KFC China may look comparable to its localisation procedure is the danger of a backfire. ‘A profoundly obvious organization could without much of a stretch become the objective of a buyer or government reaction against the apparent negatives of inexpensive food. ’ (Bell and Shelman 2011). With the current progressing overall corpulence pestilence, the probability of this event is ever-expanding as parental and authority’s concerns rise. Patterson (2011) adds to this, expressing from 2010, weight in China was at a high of 38% because of the expanding measures of accessible inexpensive food. This figure is ascending as ‘Chinese are reveling their kids since state approach has contracted family measures while financial advancement has given urban families higher expendable incomes’ (Patterson 2011). On the off chance that a backfire happens, KFC China’s notoriety will disintegrate, prompting income issues, lower benefits and diminished development. To maintain a strategic distance from this, KFC have built up the idea of a ‘†new quick food† that would be â€Å"nutritional and balanced† and advance â€Å"healthy living†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (Bell and Shelman 2011). With respect to their localisation technique, another risk KFC China face is the chance of contenders increasing more piece of the overall industry. In spite of consistent presentations of new dishes by KFC, contenders are gradually expanding their notoriety among shoppers as indicated by Cho (2009), who claims contenders have had the option to do this by going cutting edge, with some acquainting robots with get ready genuine Chinese dishes at high speeds. Further, there exists the danger of ‘other global quick nourishments and nearby thump offs offer comparative items at lower cost points’ to be specific 30% underneath KFC China costs (Li 2012). Furthermore, Li (2004) claims that inexpensive food in China is a cutting edge way of life currently instead of a craze which it very well may be delineated as before. ‘The want which is established in the long periods of confinement from the world to peep into the world outside has blurred bit by bit since the opening of China. ’ (Li 2004). Henceforth, development and benefits can possibly decrease later on, a test which should be planned against to guarantee long haul achievement. The third obstruction confronting KFC China is expanding activity costs. Progressing essential and auxiliary statistical surveying into Chinese socioeconomics is critical to the business’ achievement, yet presents significant expenses. In any case, Simmons and Crawford (2013) see that KFC have employed nearby directors who comprehend the Chinese customer, the eatery exchange and Western business techniques. This stances as an upper hand over universal and nearby contenders because of these administrative supervisors having a more prominent ability base contrasted with proportional laborers in different organizations. Moreover, rental expenses have expanded and hence it has been anticipated that KFC’s net revenues will diminish by 0. - 1% every year for the following 5 years states Li (2012). To check these increasing costs, KFC China shifts its costs among various areas to ‘generate additional income as shoppers would not be touchy to minor cost increments. ’ (Flannery, 2011). This system will help limit continuous costs, accord ingly supporting productivity and development. KFC China’s system of fast extension ought to be proceeded so as to meet the wants of the changing idea of the Chinese customer, whereby there are expanding quantities of female laborers and expanding salaries.

Familiar Essay Writing 10 Tips That Will Make Your Work Easier

Familiar essays are usually associated with well-known writers such as G.K. Chesterton or George Orwell and not with college academic tasks. However, it does not mean that students never get to write them. As a result, it is a type of assignment that doesn’t come very often. But when it appears on the curriculum, it becomes a source of all kinds of problems, especially if it is a part of the writing competition. How to structure it? What should you write about? What writing style should you settle on? If you have to write a familiar essay, and these or other questions are whirling around in your brain, you have come to the right place. Yes, in this article, you will find all the tips to write a high-quality familiar essay on any topic. 1. Get a Familiar Essay Example to Get You Started A familiar essay is a very peculiar genre of the creative writing with some characteristics that are not shared by any other essay type. To simplify a bit, it is a short-form nonfiction text primarily characterized by a strong personal touch, a voice of the author’s persona. Normally, no matter what you write about – be it a book you’ve read, the current state of education industry or environmental protection, you are expected to be fully objective and avoid emotionally colored words (and anything else showing your subjectivity). In an informal essay, you don’t have these limitations – if you need to be emotional to demonstrate your unique take on the problem, so be it. In fact, the more personal your style is, the better it is for you – you can be as witty, funny, and quirky as you like. To better understand what is expected of you, it would be a good idea to read a few examples of familiar essays. This can be quite informative and will give you the better understanding of how you can go about developing your own writing style – the most important prerequisite of a quality familiar essay. Be careful about the place where you get your writing sample – you cannot just visit any online writing service and say â€Å"Write my familiar essay† – specialists in this kind of work are relatively rare and are not easy to come by. 2. Look at Familiar Essay Topics That Are Acceptable Another feature of writing familiar essays is the kind of topics that are covered in them. They should not require any professional or specialized knowledge and have universal human appeal – in other words, they should be understandable and relatable for anybody who would read them simply because they are just as human as the essay’s author. Such topics, for example, include: Books Getting Replaced with Digital Sources of Information and What It Means for Every One of Us; Community-Conscious Business: Is It Possible in Current Economic Climate? Is Writing a Doctoral or MBA Dissertation to Obtain a PhD Degree Worth the Trouble One Has to Go for Its Sake? Does History Repeat Itself and Is It a Good Enough Reason to Study It? War on Drugs and Its Connection to Teenage Crime Rates; Security Concerns vs. the Rights of Individuals in the UK; The Most Important Traits Associated with True Leadership. As you can see, familiar essays can be written about virtually anything – you simply have to avoid topics that require specialized technical knowledge. When choosing what to write about, ask yourself: can it be understood by a person who does not study this subject but has background knowledge of an intelligent, generally well-educated amateur? 3. Use a Proper Familiar Essay Structure Structurally a familiar essay doesn’t differ from any other type of paper. Usually, an introduction comes first that consists of: The hook – the first sentence or two, aimed at grabbing the reader’s attention and smoothly transferring it to the rest of the paper. It plays a special role in a familiar essay because of its high degree of informality – meaning that you have much more freedom of expression than usual. Let your wit roam free and don’t worry about going out of line – it is a part of the course when it comes to informal essays; The thesis statement. Nothing special about this – it is no different from what it is in any other type of essay, i.e., an explanatory sentence containing the gist of your entire paper in a definite and clear form. The introduction is followed by body paragraphs and, again, you are free to organize them in any way you like. It is, however, a good idea to follow the usual rules: don’t exceed a limit of one point per paragraph, have logical connections between paragraphs, support your words with viable evidence. However, the familiar essay is a definition of a freeform assignment, so don’t be afraid to make experiments. Introduce a list or two, use narrative elements – in other words, do everything you need to get your point across, without being restricted by any particular format. 4. Talk to Your Reader While Writing a Familiar Essay A familiar essay, the way it evolved in English literature, is a very personal experience, not just a piece of writing but an informal chat between two people: the writer and the reader. By a reader, we mean not just the grader responsible for reading and evaluating your work, but anybody whom this text will come to hand. So, be personal, address directly to the individual reading your paper, be friendly and don’t try to show yourself as superior to your audience. Demonstrate that your essay is a labour of love, not of pride. Usually familiar essays are written in a way that presupposes the audience of a single reader, which further emphasizes the personal nature of this genre. 5. Use the Simple Language, but Don’t Oversimplify Your writing should be closer to the everyday speech than in the formal types of essays. But don’t treat this genre’s informality as an excuse to use slang, jargon or rude language. If it is of any help, imagine yourself writing a letter to a good yet somewhat distant friend. Think of how you would report about the latest happenings in your life in such a situation. Then, start writing. 6. Try Freewriting as a Good Method of Preparation Although familiar essay writing is personal and informal in nature, it doesn’t mean that you should approach working on it haphazardly. Just like with any other kind of writing, it is extremely important to gather your thoughts before you start typing. However, in this case, you may give yourself a certain amount of freedom and start not with a rigid academic plan that looks almost like a thesis proposal, but with freewriting on the general topic you are dealing with. Simply sit down, take a clean sheet of paper and start writing everything that comes into your head concerning your topic. Don’t worry if it is a low quality of writing (even a terrible handwriting is excusable), silly or only barely connected to what you are supposed to be writing – if it has any connection at all, write it down. You may further improve the efficiency of this exercise by placing limitations on yourself: for example, write without stopping for half an hour or write no less than 700 words – again, without stopping. When you have goals to work toward, you are often inspired to find new and exciting ways to do things, and some of the elements of your freewriting may eventually find their way into the essay itself. 7. Prepare an Essay Outline It is especially important if you have to do some research being not very familiar with the essay topic. Having a clear-cut outline before you start working on an essay prevents you from rambling and omitting important points you have intended to mention. Some students resent the idea of writing an informal essay from an outline, but in fact, this stage is even more important in this type of writing than it is for other, more formal essays. The fact is that people are much more prone to steering off the course when they write about something personal in nature. Having a definite plan will help you keep your thoughts collected and cover everything you want but no more. Try it, it will save you a lot of time. 8. Try Finishing Your Work in One Session You may have already heard this recommendation from your school teacher, but we can repeat it again and again: if you can finish an assignment in one go, try to do it. This helps you keep focused on your work and maintain a single style throughout the text. It prevents you from forgetting important facts and losing your inspiration. For that reason, you can use a timekeeper while working on every assignment. 9. Use of Some References in Your Familiar Essays Most familiar essays do without any references at all – they are personal discussions on specific topics, not research assignments. However, you may have been given a task to introduce a certain amount of references in your assignment. Or you can make your own decision to discuss a famous author, and in this case, it will be impossible to avoid using quotations. 10. Don’t Forget to Revise and Proofread Just like with any other type of academic writing, revising and proofreading are extremely important when it comes to familiar essays. However, in addition to the usual things – checking up on formatting, spelling, grammar, and syntax – here you should pay special attention to the tone of your writing. It shouldn’t be overly dry and academic. Think of the way you would talk about a good acquaintance of yours – eliminate overly complex words and structures, divide longer sentences into shorter ones and so on; It should be consistent. If you begin writing in a light-hearted tone, keep it this way throughout the whole essay – that is, unless you have a very good reason to change the way you speak and a way to demonstrate that you do it intentionally and not as a slip. Give your essay the right emotional vibe. Use informal, sometimes emotional language – the way you would discuss the topic with a living human being, not an abstract audience. At the same time, make sure you are respectful both towards your reader and viewpoints you discuss. If possible, get an external proofreader – somebody you can trust, somebody who is interested in your success. Ask him/her to give you some feedback on the following aspects of your writing: Logic. Are all points connected to each other in a logical and consistent manner? Style. Is your style consistent throughout the essay? Are there any words or expressions that seem to be out of place? Grammar and syntax. Are there any glaring mistakes you’ve missed during your revision? Familiar essays are rarely written by college students these days and are considered to be a difficult task. That’s why if you experience difficulties, there is nothing unusual about it – but we hope that these tips will get you through! 5.00 avg. rating (97% score) - 2 votes

Your MCAT Practice Tests Can Help You Ace the Exam

Once you’ve assessed your baseline strengths and weaknesses, crafted your study plan, and gotten into the swing of things with your MCAT studying, you’ll find yourself taking practice sections and full-length exams before too long. To get the best results, though, you need to do more than just practice; you must also carefully review your practice test results and translate them into lessons that you can apply both in your study process and the next time you take an exam. It’s important to review individual questions—including those you get right, especially if you were at all uncertain—but it’s also important to analyze how you handled each passage as a whole. The first question you should reflect on is how you approached the passage. In particular, did you use highlighting, note-taking, or skimming (the three main approaches to tackling MCAT passages)? These approaches have their advantages and disadvantages, so it’s important to analyze what worked for you and what didn’t work about the approach you took. Did you use highlighting? If you used highlighting, you might reflect on whether the highlighting helped you focus your attention while reading and/or helped identify key terms for you to return to when answering questions. If not, why not? One common pitfall is over-highlighting. If you highlight the majority of the passage, then when you’re working on a question and need to check the passage, you’re just going to see an ocean of yellow text, which is not helpful. Instead, use highlighting sparingly, focusing on just key terms, transition phrases, and words that indicate the author’s opinion. A rule of thumb is that 15% or less of the passage should be highlighted. Another pitfall can be focusing too much on new terms/information in science passages. The idea here is that although the passage may contain new information, the core of the questions will be rooted in the material that you have already studied. This means that your goal with highlighting is to build relationships between the new information you’re given and the foundations of what you’ve studied, and highlighting familiar terms that appear in a passage can help you do that. Did you use the note-taking method? In contrast, a common challenge with note-taking is deciding whether it was worth it; that is, did note-taking help you focus on the passage or give you insights in a way that made the extra time and energy worthwhile? A useful strategy for improving your note-taking is experimenting with abbreviations and shorthand, as well as using arrows and shorthand abbreviations to take notes on cause-and-effect relationships. You’re not going to show your notes to anyone, so they don’t need to be perfect. Another might be to pause for a few seconds after reading a paragraph and before jotting down notes, so that you have time to digest the material and try to identify the most important points. Did you try skimming? If you used skimming, the basic question to answer is whether or not it actually worked. A common pitfall with skimming is that you wind up spending the same amount of time engaging with the passage anyway, but in a less organized and more panicked way. The key to skimming effectively is to make sure that you’re getting something out of it. In particular, try to identify what the basic point of the passage is, making particular note of any controversies, unresolved issues, or points of disagreement, and where the passage discusses various subjects in detail, so that when you need to go back, you’ll know where to go. You need to find what works for you. There’s no one-size-fits-all approach to passages, and in fact, you can even use different strategies for different types of passages. For example, you might find that note-taking is helpful for biochemistry passages that present detailed pathways, but that you prefer highlighting for CARS. That’s totally fine! However, you need to invest the time and energy into trying out different approaches and adapting based on what works and what doesn’t work. Next Step offers plenty of resources that can help you hone your process. If you’re a Next Step course student, check out our Test and Strategy Review videos! In these videos, we work through a comprehensive range of AAMC and Next Step practice passages, explaining how to approach the passage and breaking down every question. Office hours are also an excellent resource for passage practice and for checking in with one of our senior course instructors about your progress. We would also recommend you check out our other resources, like our Strategy and Practice book set. You can find our tutor office hours page on SDN and anyone can check out our  MCAT forums. Any questions about the MCAT exam or our resources, you can reach out to us at  mcat@nextsteptestprep.com  or at 888-530- NEXT (6398) to see how we can help! hbspt.cta.load(58291, '9fd90a39-bd56-417e-9b04-6c52826aa66f', {});   Andrew Dombrowski is one of Next Step’s Content Developers. He has almost a decade of experience teaching at a university level and is one of Next Step’s Premium MCAT tutors. Related Resources: †¢Ã‚  4 Things Your MCAT Score Says About You †¢ Improve Your MCAT Score for Medical School Acceptance †¢Ã‚  Deciding When to Take the MCAT

The rules of the secret trusts - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 7 Words: 2193 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? 107633 Introduction The secret trusts include fully secret trusts and half secret trusts. They are mechanisms whereby estate can be disposed of without the details of the beneficiary becoming common knowledge. Rules for testamentary dispositions are strict and this is necessarily so since the testator is no longer able to provide evidence of intention. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The rules of the secret trusts" essay for you Create order Despite arising from a historic need, felt acutely, when expectations of society were such that individuals felt compelled to conform despite having aspects of their lives they wished to conceal and still provide financially for their mistresses and illegitimate children after death. So the secret trusts arose as a means of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“breaking the rulesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  surrounding the writing of wills but unfortunately they also break the rules for trust law. It is therefore not surprising that their legal justification is so much in doubt. The rules of the secret trusts Inspection of the will reveals nothing about the existence of a secret trust and no details about the beneficiaryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s identity in the case of a half secret trust. In a secret trust the testator tells the legatee that he is a secret trustee and what he must do with the property; Ottaway v Norman [1971].[1] Alterations to the details of a fully secret trust can be made by the testator right up until the time he dies. Although there are similarities between the two types of secret trust there are also important differences. Communication of a secret trust may be in a sealed envelope; Re Keen [1937].[2] The secret or half secret trustee must accept the trust; this may be express or implied Wallgrave v Tebbs [1972][3] or by silence; Moss v Cooper (1861)[4] or conduct; Ottoway v Norman [1972].[5] An essential element is an obligation which must be legally binding; McCormack v Grogan.[6] There are some important differences between the two types of secret trust as outlined and justified by Wilde, 1995. The testator must have communicated a fully secret trust to the secret trustee before he, the testator, dies; Moss v Cooper (1861)[7] otherwise the trust fails and the secret trustee will hold the property for himself absolutely; Re Gardner [1920].[8] If the secret trustee dies before the testator a fully secret trust will fail; Re Maddock [1902][9] because according to th e will the secret trustee is only a beneficiary and a beneficiary must survive a testator. However if the trustee of a half secret trust dies before the testator à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“equity will not allow a trust to fail for want of a trusteeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  and another trustee will be appointed ; Re Smirthwaite (1861).[10] In the case of a half secret trust the trust must be communicated to the half secret trustee before the will is made; Blackwell v Blackwell [1929][11] Reference to instructions after the will is made invalidates the trust; Re Batemanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Will Trusts [1970].[12] A half secret trustee may witness a will by which he clearly does not benefit therefore s.15 Wills Act 1837 is inapplicable; Creswell v Cresswell (1868).[13] The practical and legal problems The legal requirements in relation to wills confers protection against fraud in the situation where the testator is no longer able to protect his wishes. A will must comply with certain formalities and t his is interpreted strictly. S.9 Wills Act 1837 states that to be valid a will must be in writing and signed by the testator in the presence of two independent witnesses who must also sign the will. Formalities are also required for alterations; Re Edwards [1948].[14] However the secret trusts are having the effect of handing over property after death and failing to comply with these requirements despite the fact of the will the detail required by statute is just not there. S.25 Wills Act 1837 states that a beneficiary must outlive the testator yet the secret trust is created before the testator dies and the beneficiaryà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s estate may benefit; Re Gardner (No 2) [1923][15] but, defying s.25 Wills Act 1837 there is benefit to the estate upon the death of the testator. The anomaly here is that the testator could have changed his will right up until the time of his death. A fully secret trust contravenes s.53(1)(c) of the Law of Property Act 1925 since nothing need be in writing at the time of transfer during the effect of the will since at this point the legal and equitable interests are fused; Gold v Hill [1999].[16] A beneficiary under a will cannot witness that will; s.15 of the Wills Act 1837 yet the fully secret beneficiary (but not the fully secret trustee) can; Re Young [1951].[17] If it were to be accepted that the secret trusts operate outside the will then the law of trusts should apply to them. Yet they disregard trust law in many respects. For instance expectancy cannot usually be the subject matter of a trust yet this happens for the secret trusts; the secret beneficiary not acquiring the property until the death of the testator. The secret trustee commits fraud if he breaks his promise to the testator and instead keeps the property for himself. The fraud would actually be committed against the testator and also against the secret beneficiary. Lord Viscount Sumner stated in Blackwell v Blackwell [1929][18], à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… “the proposed donee [secret trustee] encourages him to bequeath the money in the faith that his intentions will be carried out.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  An extension of the fraud is where the secret beneficiary has mischievously encouraged the testator to set up the secret trust in the first place. This fraud either cannot occur or is exceedingly difficult in the case of a half secret trust since the fact of the trust and the identity of the half secret trustee are both readily available from inspection of the will. Whether it is a sufficient justification for the acknowledgment of both fully secret and half secret trusts The fully secret trust may well work because of the effects of the equity maxim à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“equity will not allow a statute to be used as an instrument of fraud.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ [19] If this doctrine was not in existence then if the secret trustee committed fraud by keeping the property he could argue that according to s.9 Wills Act 1837 the will, not complyi ng by not being in writing, negated the trust. It is up to the secret beneficiary to make the challenge; Re Snowden [1979].[20] The court will not allow the secret trustee to retain the property because the statute relating to formalities has not been adequately met. The Statute of Frauds 1677 was incorporated into the Law of Property Act 1925 and the Wills Act 1837. These statutes cannot be used by the unscrupulous to fraudulently retain trust property; McCormick v Grogan (1868)[21] LR 4 HL 82. The existence of the half secret trust depends in part upon the mechanism of avoidance of this fraud whereby the secret trustee has to complete the personal obligation that he owes the testator.[22] The court of conscience about which Lord Viscount Sumner spoke in Blackwell v Blackwell [1929][23] is equity; meaning that the fraudulent behaviour would be unconscionable and that in this context this doctrine à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“seems to be a perfectly normal exercise of general equitable jurisd iction.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  The unconscionability and the fraud theory are closely linked. Lord Viscount Sumnerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s view in Blackwell v Blackwell [1929] is very likely to amount to sufficient justification for the existence of the fully secret trust. However there are difficulties in applying this theory to the half secret trust. Whilst the unconscionablity is still relevant here the possibility and likelihood of fraud is very much less since the will displays the trust situation for all to see. Partly for this reason the fraud theory has been extended; the fraud being the general fraud on the testator and on the beneficiary; Hodge (1981). An alternative and more recent view is that the secret trusts are operating outside the will (this is also known as the dehors the will theory); Re Snowden [1979].[24] This approach was considered in Blackwell v Blackwell [1929].[25] By this mechanism the secret trusts should not fail because the details were not in writing. Secret tr usts are described as being inter vivos trusts. The point of communication and acceptance between testator and secret trustee marks the point of creation of the trust and this trust is only properly constituted when the testator dies. This approach has had some subsequent support for instance in Re Young [1951][26] a secret beneficiary by being able to witness the will illustrates that the arrangement was not confined to the written requirements of a will, specifically s.15 of the Wills Act 1837. In the half secret trust to which the fraud theory does not apply and the unconscionability doctrine becomes less applicable there is uncertainty about how such a trust can exist. The nature of the requirement for the communication of a half secret trust being required before the will is made[27] might be connected with the concept of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“incorporation by referenceà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  of a document that already exists; Johnson v Ball (1851).[28] However if a future document is referred to for incorporation the trust will not comply with the Wills Act 1837 and will therefore fail. The dehors the will theory can be criticised because if a secret trust is not within the will and is therefore not within the constraints of the law of wills or propate then the secret trust must instead be subject to the rules of trust law; Challinor, 2005. There are however a number of important was in which the secret trusts are not compatible with trust law either. When property is not yet acquired but is the subject of the secret trust this is contrary to trust law. An expectancy cannot be the subject of a valid trust. The dehors the will theory is supported in Re Gardner (No 2) [1923][29] but not in Re Maddock [1902].[30] In the latter case a secret trust failed because the secret beneficiary died before the testator. This failure illustrates that the rules relating to a will were still having an effect on the secret trust. The dehors the will theory does not provide a c omprehensive explanation of the secret trusts; Kincaid, 2000. Regarding trust law if the secret trusts are operating outside the will there is still the perplexing issue of what types of trusts these are. The majority view as described by Moffat, 2005[31] is that both types of secret trust are express trusts. However Sheridan, 1951 classes fully secret trusts as constructive. If the secret trusts are express then they ought to comply with trust law regarding s53(1)(b) and s.53(1)(c) Law of property Act. A half-secret trust concerning land has to be evidenced in writing Re Baillie (1886).[32] Clearly the fully secret trusts do not comply with this requirement and therefore they are more likely to explained as implied trusts. There remains a lack of clear distinctions as to when these trusts are constituted and when they take effect; Ottoway v Norman [1972][33] and Re Gardner (No 2).[34] Conclusion The secret trusts remain a facility now used more by the indecisive when makin g a will rather than by those who require secrecy. The present arrangement whereby a fully secret testator need not detail the trust before the will is made may be some encouragement to the testator who is slow to make up his mind; Moffat, 2004).[35] This problem could be eliminated by using the rule in the half secret trust whereby the trust must be detailed before the will is made. The justification for the existence of these trusts has long presented difficulty. Classifying the different types of secret trust as one has contributed to the problem. Whilst there are a number of theories they all encounter inconsistencies with recognised principles of law. The functioning of these trusts does defy the strict rules of the Wills Act 1837 and whatever justification is accepted for this it still contravenes the basic concept that the details of a will must be evidenced in writing. Bibliography Books Hayton DJ 2004 Hayton Marshall Commentary and Cases on The Law of Trusts an d Equitable Remedies 11th edition London Thomson Sweet and Maxwell Moffat G 2004 Trusts Law Text and Materials 3rd edition Cambridge, Cambridge University Press Articles Challinor E Debunking the myth of secret trusts 2005 Conveyancer and Property Lawyer 2005 492 Hodge, Secret Trusts: The Fraud Theory Revisited 1981 Conv 341 Sheridan 1951 67 LQR 314 Kincaid D The Tangled Web: The Relationship between a Secret Trust and the Will 2000 Conveyancer and Property Lawyer 420 Wilde D Secret and Semi-secret Trusts: Justifying Distinctions Between the Two 1995 Conveyancer and Property Lawyer 366 1 Footnotes [1] Ottaway v Norman [1971] 3 All ER 1325 [2] Re Keen [1937] Ch 236 [3] Wallgrave v Tebbs [1972] 2 K J 313. [4] Moss v Cooper (1861) 1 JH 352 [5] Wallgrave v Tebbs [1972] Ch 698 [6] McCormack v Grogan (1869) LR 4 HL 82 [7] Moss v Cooper (1861) 1 S H 352 [8] Wallgrave v Tebbs (1855) 2 K J 313 [9] Re Maddock [1902] 2 Ch 220 [10] Re Smirthwaite (1861) LR 11 EQ 251 [11] Blackwell v Blackwell [1929] AC 318 [12] Re Batemanà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Will Trusts [1970] 1 WLR 1463 [13] Creswell v Cresswell (1868) LR 6 EQ 69 [14] Re Edwards [1948] Ch 440. [15] Re Gardner (No 2) [1923] 2 Ch 330 [16] Gold v Hill [1999] 1 FLR 54 [17] Re Young [1951] Ch 344 [18] Blackwell v Blackwell [1929] A.C. 318 [19] McCormick v Grogan (1869) LR 4 HL 82 [20] Re Snowden [1979] 2 WLR 654 [21] McCormick v Grogan (1868) LR 4 HL 82. [22] Lord Westbury in McCormick v Grogan (1869) LR 4 HL 82 [23] Blackwell v Blackwell [1929] A.C. 318 [24] Re Snowden [1979] 2 All ER 172 [25] Blackwell v Blackwell [1929] AC 318 [26] Re Young [1951] Ch 344 [27] Blackwell v Blackwell [28] Johnson v Ball (1851) 5 De G Sm 85 [29] Re Gardner (No 2) [1923] 2 Ch 330 [30] Re Maddock [1902] 2 Ch 220 [31] p 119 [32] Re Baillie (1886) 2 TLR 660. [33] Ottoway v Norman [1972] Ch 698 [34] Re Gardner (No 2) [1923] 2 Ch 330 [35] p 124

Conflict With Israel And Palestine Conflict Essay

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Annotated Bibliography of Articles Related to Oral Feeding...

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Essay about Actual and Symbolic Barriers in Robert...

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Art Of The Ancient Christians Essay Example For Students

Art Of The Ancient Christians Essay Similar to the Greeks and the Hellenes, sculpture of the Republican period employed the use of marble to naturalistically represent the human. They were more realistic, like the Hellenes than the idealized naturalism that governed the Classical Greek period. The purpose and subject matter didnt really change much from the Hellenes. The Republican period Roman sculpture glorified generals, prominent figures, ancestry, and the gods to an extent. (Usually when the gods were represented the intent was to show a lineage.) The patrons of the time were mostly noble men who wanted to prop up and parade their ancestry to glorify their genealogy for all their friends and slaves. The portraits of prominent Roman Republican figures seem to be literal reproductions of faces complete with scars, wrinkles and sometimes crooked or unsymmetrical noses or ears. Usually the person depicted was an older male who wasnt smoothed out in the marble, so to speak, but were rather veristic (insanely realistic) with every facial surface, both flattering and non represented. A famous bust of this sort is the Head of a Roman patrician from Otricoli (ca. 75-50 BCE). While the Romans favored naturalism for the heads, a bit of the idealism that governed Classical Greek art slipped into the representation of figures bodies. For the Portrait of a Roman general from the Sanctuary of Hercules (ca. 75-50 BCE), an old mans head is propped atop the idealized younger body, complete with washboard abs. His drapery responds to gravity, similar to the Greeks and he is almost nude. This tactic seems to immortalize the character, preserving his image as powerful, youthful and strong physically while still being a wise wrinkled patrician. The references to Greek art make him seem more cosmopolitan (which as a general, indicated by his cuirass, he probably would have traveled the empire) yet covering his nudity makes him (or just his patron) modest. Continuing with the idea of preserving ones romanticized image is the Portrait of Augustus as a general (early 1st century CE). Although thought to have been physically weak in real life, Augustus is depicted with ki ller biceps and amazing Pecs in idealized naturalism. His drapery responds to gravity and his breastplate is elaborate, complete with symbolism as well as an agenda. The purpose of the sculpture is to demonstrate the military power of Augustus (after all, he is displayed as a general), display his lineage, introduce a golden age in Rome and return to the Greek Classical period in art. The sculpture is based closely on Polykleitos Doryphoros (quote from text book) with the shape and features of the head emulating that style. Augustus has cupid riding a dolphin at his feet to proclaim his divine ancestry and his familys connection with Venus. With his right arm raised as if addressing the people, Augustus is attempting to be portrayed as an orator and a diplomat, and his breastplate has Atlas on it. Every part of this statue has an agenda as was the case for Roman Republican Art. As the patrons in almost all cases were men from distinguished families with an agenda of immortalizing their lineage, wisdom and other romanticized attribute, the faces were often displayed with every unflattering detail and bodies were youthful and idealized.

Impact of Advertisement on Sales of a Product

Question: Discuss about the Case Study for Impact of Advertisement on Sales of a Product. Answer: Introduction Advertisement can be defined as a means of non-personal presentation in promoting ideas or goods and services by a company to its customers. Advertisements are always paid for since a media has to be used in conveying the message. Advertisement can be divided into three different errors including the pre-marketing error, dating back to the mid eighteenth century where buyers and sellers only met in private places. During this period, means such as taverns were used to advertise a product. The mass communication error was then introduced in the mid 1700. This made advertising quite easy since a large population was able to get the information faster through broadcast media. The latest advertising method has been introduced in the research era; this method is able to reach the narrowly targeted group. Here, every group has its message thats basically intended for it. Advertising is a popular concept in marketing practice in the sphere of commerce. It connotes marketing communication ai med at promoting the sale of a product, majorly in a business context. Brand equity has become a major issue in most organizational environments; therefore a lot of research has been put in place to manage, increase and quantify branding (Keller and Lehmann, 2006). This study works on advertising features such as non- monetary promotions and what exactly is contained in the advert. Some of the frameworks used to identify the consumers taste about a brand include; loyalty of the brand and its associations, brand awareness and its perceived quality. However, some factors have to be considered while advertising a brand to a consumer; country of origin, age of the brand, likely risks of the brand and the market size among others. (Simon and Sullivan, 1993) The study investigates the association of two marketing elements i.e sales promotion and advertising. Specifically, my research focuses on advertising of new brands in a quantitative and qualitative manner. The study also aims at showing how advertising is important in influencing brand equity dimensions by improving the consumers awareness. The proposal will focus on the various aspects of research including the Problem Statement, Research Objectives, the project Justification/rationale, anticipated/expected research result or Output, Research Hypothesis, Conceptual Framework, Organization and Methodology of the Study. The project timeline, listing the budget estimates and the Gantt chart, will also be dealt with. Problem Statement Currently, the marketing era has become competitive, therefore many managers in different business organizations have to employ and adopt latest branding and advertising promotional tools in order to sell their products. Advertising therefore remains the major tool in information dissemination to the market whenever a new product is to be introduced. This makes the consumers aware of the new product hence they gain the interest to purchase and use the products. The relevant statement of the research is the impact of advertising and branding on the sales of a new product in a business organization. However, even with the above and many more advantages of advertising in impacting sales and organizational success, not much research have been conducted to unveil the holistic impacts of the undertaking. There is not sufficient research-oriented evidence that links advertising and branding to world economies directly or through proxies (Lake, 2016). Effectively, therefore, the research seeks to fill these gaps. It seeks to explore and evaluate the impacts of proper advertising and branding policy and practice on the pace of growth and expansion of an organization and its general marketing success in the long run. Research Objectives The main objective underlying all advertising is building primary demand and increasing awareness among consumers of a new product. Its also clear that companies spend a lot of money on advertisement with the aim of increasing profitability and reputation of the company. As is conventional, the answers to these research questions will help meeting the requirements of the objectives stated above. The will help bring out the aspects of advertising and branding under consideration. Other broad objectives are: To increase market share through advertising. To build brand performance and recognition through advertising. To develop overseas market. Justification of the project This study properly researched and supervised will enable groups such as supermarkets, policy makers, practitioners, experts and other scholars in conveying a lot of information in decision making and operations when advertising and branding a product. In addition, other officials responsible for marketing in various companies more so those involved in consumer production sector will be well conversant will the advantages and disadvantages of advertising. Despite all the above being put into consideration, consultancies involved in promotion and other researchers still need more information to successfully carry out their study. The commercial message with sound quality overwhelms the consumers when they see or hear it. Researching in this area to make such facts bare and accessible is fundamental in contributing to the best marketing practice and organization development. Moreover, the focus on the impacts of the advertising on the sales volume most addresses the positive aspects on ly. However, in this research, the focus is not only on its positive effects but also on the negative effects. The research will also delve on the entirety of the spectrum in the sense of its effect on the companys marketing practice and organizational success (Landau, 2015). Expected Research Output / Outcomes In markets, business activities are characterized by global competition and changes in technological developments or consumers preference and taste and other market forces that lead to decreased product life cycle within the market environment (McAlister, 2007). Due to such uncertainties, business persons must strategize to offer services that their competitors do not offer; this is achievable by having a positive reputation. These services should as well be long term, this links to the branding concept (Mizik, 2008). To gain sustainable competitive advantage, one can promote branding and branding equity in a wider perspective. This research expects to clearly bring out the following elements. The practical benefits of active and proper advertising and branding and how it has led to marketing and organizational success in specific case stories. Working methodologies of promoting branding and advertising to achieve greater heights of organizational success. The proposal will also highlight the negative impacts of the practice, showing how the negative cases came about. It will then highlight the methods of overcoming the negative aspects. The above mentioned outcomes define the scope of work of the proper research so that the relevant apparatus will be directed accordingly (Buholaiqah, 2009). Conceptual Framework To understand a brand, one has to go beyond the logo, image or the tagline on the product. However, a consumer should look at a set of relationships and expectations from a product. After all, its the customers view about a product that determines whether he or she will purchase the product. There are some slight differences that a sales manager has to be will conversant with; for example, a product is always in the shop of a retailer whereas a brands is an imagination on the consumers mind, its so difficult to copy a brand as compared to copying a product by your competitor and finally, a brand last for long time periods compared to a product that quickly gets outdated. (Batey, 2008). Its also clear that consumers do not have a close association with a product as compared to a brand that has a set of promises with it. Therefore good brands stick for long in the consumers mind hence increasing their purchasing power thus promoting the companies name. Despite having a strong brand pro file, advertisement communication to the buyers is paramount to ensure the quick sale of the brand, otherwise if the communication is weak then the brand will definitely fail. To build a strong brand, a manager has to understand the competitors taste. Even though developing strong brands take a very long time, new brands need to be relevant and appealing to the buyers hence need to change over years to adapt with the changing consumers taste (Batey, 2008). Research Hypothesis As is conventional in research the hypotheses holds the positions that will be proved or questions that will answered by the outcomes of the research process. Accordingly, null and alternate hypotheses are often about the same principles. H 0(a): Advertising serve as communication gadgets by companies to its customers. H 1(a): Advertisement does not increase the revenue stream to the company leading to an increased and widened profit margin. H 0(b): Advertising has an Impact of increased revenue stream to the company. H 1(b): Advertising has no impact of organizational success to the company. H0 (c) Advertising has the impact of causing organization success to the company . Methodology In undertaking the research to test the above hypotheses, various methodologies will be employed, some of which involves the consumers whiles others engage the records of the company. In this regard, in investigating the effects (positive and negative) of advertising on the companys revenue stream and profitability, model companies will be selected. Six companies that practice active advertising in their marketing mix will be randomly sampled to help in the study and analysis. Those with exceptional result in profitability and revenue stream will be used as control. Their financial statement with the same trading year will be analyzed in terms of rate of stock turn over, revenue stream, profitability or losses among other financial analysis parameters. Further, the movement path of the product of the model companies will be followed for the most advertised product vis--vis the less advertised one to demarcate the effect of advertisement. This will ensure practical observation of the product movement through the market chains is achieved. This in turn will help explain the difference between the practices of advertisement in terms of product performance in the market. The other methods of obtaining information will include using key informant interviews using the Sales executives, financial controllers and the CEOs of the respective companies sampled. The conversation with the officials of the companies will focus on the advertisement implementation schemes of their companies and the effects on the balance sheet over the one year financial year. The use of questionnaires and surveys will be used in data gathering. In conducting the research on advertise, the following fact of the path of commodity movement in the channel must be understood. The product being advertised passes through the following stages in the hands of the consumer; (Naik, 2003) Introduction Stage: consumers are for the first time introduced to a new product in the market. This is the earliest stage in advertisement and the sales here for the product are very low but a lot of money is used in advertising the product. This is majorly because most consumers arent aware of the new product therefore advertisement is critical. Growth Stage: A good number of customers are well informed of the new product through advertising and the sales start to increase. Consumers buy more of the product after theyre convinced that this is the good or service they really need. The company starts making profits at this stage since less is spent on advertisement of the new product. Maturity Stage: Advertisement of the new product is still on though most customers are aware of the product. At this stage, total profits are still high though it continues to decline since the product is accepted by most of the buyers. Decline Stage: Most consumers exhaust the product or service under subject and tend to shift to the new products in the market. The sales and profits made here start to decline at a faster rate. The research will be conducted to evaluate the likely effects of advertising on the benefits the company and also the consumers view about the concept of labeling. The major focus is to obtain how and advertising shapes the customer perception of the product in question and how this translates into sales. (Naik and Raman, 2003). The consumers on the other hand must go through other additional processes including; Awareness Stage: At this stage, the consumers do not have information about the product but they are made aware of the new product being introduced by the company. Interest Stage: Consumers develop interest in the new product and start being inquisitive, the advertising sector of the company therefore comes in to describe the new product to the buyer. Evaluation Stage: The consumer compares the new product with the other initially used, he/she weighs the advantages and the disadvantages and finally makes the decision to try the product or not. Trial Stage: Consumers give the new product a trial over a period of time then compares the taste to the products initially used. Adoption Stage: Consumer finally decides and uses the good or service on a regular basis. Post-Adoption Confirmation Stage: This is the last stage where the consumer gets the assurance that he made the right decision to using the good on a regular basis. (Heaton, 2015). Data Analysis: Both quantitative and qualitative methodologies will be employed in this research. The data collected through the surveys and the questionnaires will be collated and statistically analyzed through the authentic packages. Thereupon, the analyzed data will be subjected to metaphysical and logical critiquing and reasoning to ensure the most probable conclusion. Qualitative Analysis: This analysis seeks to establish a causal link between the data generated from the collection and the expected happening to firm up the reasoning. The literary concepts are engaged to come up with an origin for forming a united association based on the learning from the online discussions and research. Alternative methods popular in this regard include FGD(focus groups discussion), thorough interviews, key informant interview and checking of documents. Inductive investigation and reason is particularly popular with this method to formulate a theory or hypothesis. Statistical tests are not engaged. (Nfs Gov., 1997). Quantitative Analysis: Statistical operations are used in this case. Items like tables, figures, excel sheets, pie charts and statistical functions are used. The collected data are manipulated in the process of statistical and mathematical modeling to produce patterns displayed in graphs to better explain the situation. Tools such as frequency distribution, regression analysis and central tendency measurement which are in the domain of descriptive statistics are used in this case. In analyzing the thesis, several tools which will tend to analyze whether the contemplated hypothesis are to be accepted or declined. In this research, just as has been mentioned, both the methods above will be complementarily engaged to develop the solution in handling the stated problem. Data realized through the questionnaires, interviews, survey and secondary sources will be organized in an orderly manner to enable seamless deployment of the two methods. Study Framework My study is expected to test the validity of the works done previously by other researchers in relation to my study. The existing theory will be used as a means of understanding the conflicting ideas among researchers. This research will be executed in a stepwise and organized fashion. The framework will include handling every segment in differentiated but linked chapters in the final report. Accordingly, the various segments will be assigned various time limits complete with the proposed budget. This will enable proper accounting for every resource used and the remaining bits. (Leighton, 2012). Timeline The time budget for the research operation can be mapped using the Gantt chart as shown below: Week Task 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Identification of Topic Finding Background Information Literature Review Collection Evaluation of Findings Research Design Data Collection Data Analysis a Expected outcome Identification Submission of Report Gantt chart: Proposed Budget and Its Justification The proposed cost for this study is $5800- $7800. All arrangements will be made to ensure that the various activities are carried out during the specified time frames as shown in the Gantt chart. The budget has taken care of the cost of acquisition of the resource documents from government departments and other organizations. It has also taken care of any unplanned activity and that is why the approximation is wide enough. The proposed cost will include the elements below: Review of the Literature will incorporate different resources such as textbooks, journals and online among other sources for the purpose of acquisition of data. The assigned cost is approximated to be $1300- $1600. The Data Collection method will involve; preparation and printing of questionnaires, their collection and distribution, facilitation of research assistants while researching and creating of mails. The budget for this will be $1800- $2500. Miscellaneous such as visiting government libraries for documents could also require some fee. This is budgeted for at $700-$1000. Data Analysis which will account for $2000- $2700. My parents will sponsor the whole of my project in case it goes through the proposal stage. The total budget for the operation is estimated to be in the range of $5800- $7800. The breakdown is shown below. Purpose Approximated Cost Literature Review $1300 - $1600 Data Collection $1800 - $2500 Data Analysis $2000 - $2700 Miscellaneous $700 - $1000 Total $5800 - $7800 References Batey, M. (2008), Brand Meaning, Taylor Francis Group, New York Buholaiqah, A. (2009). Employment Branding:The Impact of Company Image and Training. California State University. Retrieved from https://web.csulb.edu/colleges/cba/honors/thesis/documents/Ahmed_Thesis.pdf Dolatabadi, H. R., Kazemi, A., Soltani, N. (2012, November). The Impact of Brand Personality on Product Sale through Brand Equity (Case Study: Cosmetic Products Retailers). International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 02(11), 1-16. Retrieved from https://www.hrmars.com/admin/pics/1320.pdf Heaton, J. (2015). Invisible Consequences: How Branding Impacts B2B Sales. Invisible Consequences. Retrieved from https://www.tronviggroup.com/invisible-consequences/ Keller KL, Lehmann DR. Brands and branding: research findings and future priorities. Marketing Science 2006; 25(6): 740-759. Keller, K. L. (2004). BRANDS AND BRANDING: RESEARCH FINDINGS AND FUTURE PRIORITIES. Dartmouth College , Tuck School of Business . Retrieved from https://bear.warrington.ufl.edu/CENTERS/MKS/invited/BRANDS%20AND%20BRANDING.pdf Lake, L. (2016). What is Branding and Why is It Important? Branding Basics. Retrieved from https://marketing.about.com/od/brandstrategy/u/brandbasics.htm Landau, J. (2015). What is Branding? WHAT IS BRANDING? Retrieved from https://www.brickmarketing.com/define-branding.htm Leek, S., Christodoulides, G. (2004). A LITERATURE REVIEW AND FUTURE AGENDA FOR B2B BRANDING: CHALLENGES OF BRANDING IN A B2B CONTEXT. University of Birmingham, Birmingham Business School, Edgbaston. Retrieved from https://www.impgroup.org/uploads/papers/7395.pdf Leighton, J., Bird, G. (2012). The Effect of Branding on Consumer Choice. Original Research Report. Retrieved from https://www.packagingfedn.co.uk/images/reports/The%20Effect%20of%20Branding%20on%20Consumer%20Choice.pdf Lipksy, T. (2016). 4 EXAMPLES OF BRAND STRATEGY DRIVING ORGANIZATIONAL SUCCESS. 4 EXAMPLES OF BRAND STRATEGY DRIVING ORGANIZATIONAL SUCCESS. Retrieved from https://www.setteradvertising.com/4-examples-of-brand-strategy-driving-organizational-success Maurya, U. K., Mishra, P. (2012). What is a brand? A Perspective on Brand Meaning. European Journal of Business and Management, 4(3). Retrieved from https://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/viewFile/1322/1244 Nfs Gov. (1997). Analyzing Qualitative Data. NFS. Retrieved from https://www.nsf.gov/pubs/1997/nsf97153/chap_4.htm Naik, P. A., Raman, K. (2003). Understanding the impact of synergy in multimedia communications. Journal of Marketing Research, 40(4), 375-388. Pauwels, K., Silva-Risso, J., Srinivasan, S., Hanssens, D. M. (2004). New products, sales promotions, and firm value: The case of the automobile industry. Journal of marketing, 68(4), 142-156. McAlister, L., Srinivasan, R., Kim, M. (2007). Advertising, research and development, and systematic risk of the firm. Journal of Marketing, 71(1), 35-48. Mizik, N., Jacobson, R. (2008). The financial value impact of perceptual brand attributes. Journal of Marketing Research, 45(1), 15-32. Simon CJ, Sullivan NW. The Measurement and Determinants of Brand Equity: A Financial Approach. Marketing Science 1993; 12(November): 28-52

Scarlet Letter/the Crucible Compare and Contrast Essay Example

Scarlet Letter/the Crucible Compare and Contrast Paper Compare and Contrast: The Scarlet Letter The Crucible The two main characters; Hester Prynne and Abigail Williams of The Scarlet Letter and The Crucible, respectively, are very similar in the ways they both commit sin in their societies. However, there are differences between the two. Both women committed the sin of adultery but that was Hester’s single sin, Abigail had sin of lust, envy, wrath, and greed none of which are comparable to Hester’s. Hester protected the man she loved and took her blame to make sure his name in the town did not go rotten, while Abigail dragged her own friends into the web of lies she created and but not only her own name under the name of witchcraft but also the ones she loved and loved her. Hester was repentant of her sin by wearing her scarlet letter but Abigail went to no end to attempt to clear her name of the unwholesome crime she had carried out. Abigail’s reluctance to admit to what she did made it all the harder for the people of her town to find forgiveness in her. Guilt, it consumes both souls of Arthur Dimmesdale and John Proctor from The Scarlet Letter and The Crucible, respectively. It weighs them down and keeps dragging them into the darkness of their own mind until they have nothing left. Dimmesdale and Proctor were both sufferers of their sin of adultery; Dimmesdale’s internal suffering however was unlike Proctor’s vengeance. We will write a custom essay sample on Scarlet Letter/the Crucible Compare and Contrast specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Scarlet Letter/the Crucible Compare and Contrast specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Scarlet Letter/the Crucible Compare and Contrast specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Abigail used witchcraft to make rid of Proctor’s wife, Elizabeth, Abigail being Proctor’s â€Å"secret lover† she was envious of his wife. After the guilt of committing such a sin and the will to be faithful to his wife, the guilt started to weigh Proctor down just as it had to Dimmesdale. Both the guilt of Dimmesdale and Proctor was symbolic; this was the price they had to pay for their sin. They had to be beaten down by their own guild internally to see the realization of what they have done. Dimmesdale always loved Hester and he would have ran away with her if it wasn’t for his unhopeful outlook on his life. The fate of Dimmesdale and Proctor differed in the ways of what they wanted to do with their life after the women so desperately wanted to hide away. Proctor denied Abigail from the start, telling her that he only wanted to continue his life farming with his wife. Both Dimmesdale and Proctor dealt with guild as their punishment but their differences on what they wanted for themselves showed who was strong and who was weak.